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ZOO102 - Invertebrate Zoology > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the qualities that make an animal animal

A
  • mobile
  • heterotrophics
  • reproduce (usually sexually)
  • multicellular
  • abscence of cell wall
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2
Q

single-celled eukaryotes

A

protozoans

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3
Q

animal cell that have other cell covering other than the cell membrane

A

egg cell

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4
Q

animals that have no vertabral column (backbone)

A

invertebrates

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5
Q

percentage of invertebrates

A

97% our of 7.8 million animal species

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6
Q

what is the vertebral column for

A

structural support

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7
Q

structural support of invertebrates

A
  • exoskeleton
  • hydrostatic skeleton
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8
Q

How many phyla are there

A

36

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9
Q

group of individuals able to form a viable offspring

A

species

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10
Q

groups of multicellular animals

A

Metazoa

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11
Q
  • cells are arranged in tissues
  • true tissues
A

eumetazoa

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12
Q

Two group divisions under eumetazoa

A
  1. radiata
  2. bilateria
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13
Q

animals that can be divided into several identical halves when cut along the central axis

A

radiata

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14
Q

animals that can be divided into two identical halves along a single axis

A

bilateria

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15
Q

Two divisions under bilateria

A
  1. Deuterostomia
  2. Protostomia
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16
Q

first opening in the embryo becomes the mouth

A

protostomes

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17
Q

first opening in the embryo becomes the anus, and the mouth develops later

A

deuterostomes

18
Q

What are the basis of groupings of the Kingdom Animalia?

A
  1. levels of organization
  2. symmetry
  3. coelom
  4. segmentation
  5. body plan
19
Q

levels of organization

A
  1. metazoa
  2. eumetazoa
20
Q

What is the difference between phylum Porifera and other phyla?

A
  • conglomerate of cells
  • no true tissues
  • loose aggregation of different cells
21
Q

Symmetry

A
  1. Radial
  2. Bilateral
  3. Asymmetrical
22
Q

central axis

A

radial

23
Q

left side and right side are mirror images of each other

A

bilateral

24
Q

having parts that fail to correspond to one another in terms of shape and size

A

asymmetrical

25
Q

coelom

A
  1. acoelomate
  2. coelomate
  3. pseudocoelomate
26
Q
  • These organisms, like flatworms, do not have a body cavity
  • Their space between the body wall and the digestive tract is filled with tissues. :
A

Acoelomates

27
Q
  • These organisms, like roundworms, have a body cavity which is not completely lined by mesoderm.
  • It is between the endoderm and the mesoderm.
A

Pseudocoelomates

28
Q
  • These organisms, like humans, have a body cavity called a coelom that is completely lined by mesoderm.
  • The coelom is between the body wall and the digestive tract.
A

Coelomates

29
Q

condition of being constructed of a linear series of repeating parts, each being a metamere (body segment, or somite) and each being formed in sequence in the embryo, from anterior to posterior

A

segmentation

30
Q

refers to a body plan wherein the body contains a cluster or aggregation of cells that are not organized into cells or organs. The phylum porifera’s members have a cell aggregate body plan. Sponges are the generic term for these.

A

cell aggregate plan

30
Q

Different animal body plan

A
  1. Cell aggregate plan
  2. Blind-sac plan
  3. Tube-within-a-tube plan
31
Q

Phylum that have a cell aggregate body plan

A

Phylum Porifera

32
Q

Parts of a sponge

A
  1. osculum
  2. pinacoderm
  3. mesohyl layer
  4. choanoderm
  5. ostia
  6. spongocoel
33
Q

large aperture in a sponge through which water is expelled

A

osculum

34
Q

forms an external barrier on the surface and canals of sponges to protect it from the outer environment.

A

pinacoderm

35
Q
  • gelatinous matrix that is filled in the space between the external outermost layer called pinacoderm and the internal layer called choanoderm
  • composed of collagen, galectin, and other elements.
A

Mesohyl layer

36
Q
  • formed by the joining of choanocytes join together
  • create a flow of water
  • capture food items as they pass by these cells
  • flow of water is initiated through the coordinated beating of flagella
A

choanoderm

37
Q

What forms the choanoderm

A

choanocytes

38
Q
  • minuscule pores present on the body walls of sponges
  • formed by porocytes which are tube-shaped cells that function as valves to allow fluid exchange.
A

Ostia

39
Q

central cavity of the sponge

A

spongocoel

40
Q

What forms the ostia

A

porocytes

ZOO102 - Invertebrate Zoology (5 decks)

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