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EBP > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

How is EBP essential

A

Helps w/ clinical decisions

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2
Q

EBP begins with … (3 things)

A

Clinical question
Appraisals of evidence
Evaluate clinical outcomes

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3
Q

3 things that comprise of EBP

A

External evidence
Internal evidence
Patient preference and values

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4
Q

Evidence generated through research to be generalized and used in other settings

A

External evidence

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5
Q

Evidence generated through practice initiatives, outcome management, and quality improvement

A

Internal evidence

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6
Q

_____ evidence that is not intended to generalized to other clinical settings

A

Internal evidence

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7
Q

Best available evidence is composed of what 3 types of research methods?

A

Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods

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8
Q

Subjective research

A

Qualitative

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9
Q

Research focused on data

A

Quantitative

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10
Q

Research that is the bets of both worlds

A

Mixed methods

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11
Q

Patient preferences, values, and concerns makes interventions more _______-________

A

Client-centered

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12
Q

Clinical judgment, internal evidence, clinical reasoning, evaluation, and use of healthcare resources help make up

A

Clinical experience

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13
Q

Hierarchy/levels of evidence

A
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14
Q

EBP produces better quality of

A

Care and pt outcome

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15
Q

The focus of healthcare reform in the United States encompasses what is known as the Institute of Healthcare Improvement’s “Triple Aim,” which includes:

A

Enhancing the experience of care for those served

Improving the health of populations throughout the nation

Reducing per capita costs of national health care

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16
Q

Initiatives to Advance EBP

A

institute of Medicine’s Roundtable on Evidence-Based Medicine

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17
Q

Goal for institute of Medicine’s Roundtable on Evidence-Based Medicine

A

goal is for 90% of clinical decisions to be based on evidence by the year 2020

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18
Q

USPSTF stands for

A

United States Preventive Services Task Force

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19
Q

AHRQ stands for

A

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

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20
Q

NCPAEP stands for

A

National Consortium for the Advancement of Pediatric and Adolescent Evidence-Based Practice

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21
Q

Steps of the EBP Process

A
  1. Ask the burning clinical question in PICO format.
  2. Search for and collect the most relevant best evidence.
  3. Critically appraise the evidence
    Integrate the best evidence with one’s clinical expertise
  4. Evaluate outcomes of the practice decision or change
    based on evidence.
  5. Disseminate the outcomes of the EBP decision or
    change.
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22
Q

Barriers to EBP?

A

Lack of administrative/management support and mentors

Lack of knowledge and skills relating to EBP

Misperceptions or negative attitudes about EBP

Information overload

Resistance to change

Lack of autonomy over practice and lack of incentives

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23
Q

Strategies to Eliminate Barriers to Using Evidence-Based Practice

A

Establishing a clear philosophy and organizational vision in which EBP is valued and expected
•Developing a strategic plan to create a culture and environment that fosters EBP
•Dispelling misperceptions about EBP
•Teaching the basics of EBP
•Encouraging questions about currently used clinical practices
A determined effort is often required in order to address barriers and facilitate the implementation of EBP

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24
Q

Important concepts of evidence-based rehabilitation

A

Awareness
Consultation
Judgement
Creativity

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25
Q

Recognizing a problem, collecting data, and drawing a conclusion based on the data

A

Scientific method

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26
Q

What is considered the highest form of acquiring knowledge?

A

Scientific research

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27
Q

Can endorse currently held beliefs, but it can also call those beliefs into question

A

Method of Science

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28
Q

“systematic, controlled, empirical, amoral, public, and critical investigation of natural phenomena”

A

Scientific research

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29
Q

Scientific research can be what 4 things

A
  1. Systematic and controlled
  2. Empirical
  3. Amoral
  4. Public
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30
Q

Means that the scientific investigation is conducted in a manner that rules out other alternative explanations.

A

Systemic and controlled

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31
Q

Means that “the beliefs must be subjected to outside independent tests”

32
Q

Means that research findings do not have moral value, that is they are neither “good” nor “bad”.

33
Q

Means that the scientific research is evaluated by other independent individuals.

34
Q

Scientific Research has what 2 distinct lines of inquiry?

A

Empiricism
Rationalism

35
Q

Knowledge gained through experience and evidence

A

Empiricism

36
Q

Empiricists use what type of reasoning?

A

Inductive reasoning

37
Q

Type of reasoning that relies on evidence from specific cases to make inferences about general therapeutic principles.

A

Inductive reasoning

38
Q

Knowledge gained through logical thought

A

Rationalism

39
Q

Rationalist rely on what type of reasoning?

A

Deductive reasoning

40
Q

Reasoning involving the use of general principles to make inferences about specific cases.

A

Deductive reasoning

41
Q

Research used to acquire empirical data that can be used to develop, refine, or test a theory.

A

Basic research

42
Q

Type of research that is directed towards solving problems and developing functional solutions or applications, and testing those theories that direct our practice

A

Applied research

43
Q

Research that compares two or more conditions to determine a cause and relationship and allows the researcher to draw conclusions about observed differences

A

Experimental research

44
Q

Considered the “gold standard” in experimental research

A

Randomized controlled trial

45
Q

Involves the controlled comparison of an experimental intervention and a placebo

46
Q

Research that explores data to determine relationships between variables. This type of research examines a phenomenon of interest and then explores its dimensions and how it relates to other factors. Research that describes a group of individuals or a set of variables to document and describe their characteristics.

A

Descriptive & Exploratory Research

47
Q

Hierarchy of Evidence

A

Level I: Systematic reviews and well-designed meta-analyses of several Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs)
Level II: Well-designed RCTs
Level III: Well-designed non randomized quasi-experimental studies
Level IV: Controlled noninterventional descriptive studies, including correlational and case control studies
Level V: Uncontrolled noninterventional studies, including case reports, and qualitative studies
Level VI: Expert opinion of respected authorities

48
Q

3 Scientific Principles

A

Testability
Replication
Objectivity

49
Q

ask specific research questions instead of vague questions

A

Testability

50
Q

reproducing the findings in one research study in a second research study

A

Replication

51
Q

research questions and findings should be addressed and interpreted without bias.

A

Objectivity

52
Q

The Research Process involves the research question; which is a process of

A

asking and answering questions

53
Q

guides the research process in communication sciences

A

Scientific principles

54
Q

Types of Research questions

A
  1. Descriptive research question
    2.Difference research question
    3.Relationship research question
55
Q

Research question that asks What is?” or “What exists?”

A

Descriptive research

56
Q

Research question that asks “What is the difference?”

A

Difference research

57
Q

Research question that asks “What is the relationship?”

A

Relationship research question

58
Q

P in PICO

A

Patient and population

59
Q

I stands for

A

Intervention

60
Q

C stands for

A

Comparison

61
Q

O stands for

62
Q

Prediction about how the research question will be answered

A

Hypothesis

63
Q

What will happen if the hypothesis does not come true

A

Null hypothesis

64
Q

“completing oral motor exercises improves swallowing” is an example of

A

Hypothesis

65
Q

“swallowing does NOT improve with oral motor exercises” describes a

A

Null hypothesis

66
Q

Researching the evidence involves

A
  1. Asking a question
  2. Research existing evidence and determine hierarchy of relevant evidence
  3. Critically appraise the evidence
67
Q

How do you critically appraise the evidence?

A

Through validity, reliability, and applicability

68
Q

confidence to make an evidence-based change comes from a combination of what three things?

A

Level, quality, and strength of evidence

69
Q

Strategies for sharing outcomes

A

Internal communication strategies
External communication strategies

70
Q

Strategy that can include email messages, reports, dashboards, and scorecards

A

Internal communication strategies

71
Q

Strategy including podium or poster presentations at conferences and professional publications

A

External communication strategies

72
Q

Peer review process involves

A

Having the author’s scholarly research reviewed and scrutinized by other experts in the same field

73
Q

How many people are responsible for reviewing research

A

Editor-in-chief and 2-3 additional reviewers

74
Q

stands for Uniform resource locator and it is the web address

75
Q

is a string of characters that permanently identifies an electronic document using unique characters (letters, numbers, etc)

76
Q

True/False: Consulting a nursing journal article to determine the recommended turning frequency for immobile patients is an example of utilizing external evidence

77
Q

A group of OTs have successfully implemented a new, evidenced-base protocol regarding post-CVA patient assessment. How should the OTs follow up this success?

A

Tell others about the results of their project

EBP (22 decks)

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