lect 2 Flashcards
what does salt do to water
alters density, electrical conductivity, temp of max density, and freezing point
liquid water consists of molecules that moev
relative to one another
ice consists of ordered molecules that
are tightly bonded to one another
gaseous water consists of
independently moving molecules
why does advection fog happen
lots of moisture in warm air moves over cold land
air no longer warm
can no longer hold as much water in the air
what must the relative humidity be for fog to form
more than 100%
where do icebergs form
on land
icebergs examples
valley glaciers in the arctic
calcing from ice shelves in the southern ocean
what are the units of heat capacity
calories/gram/degrees celcius
J/Kg degrees celcius
steeper line in T vs celories/gram graph means what
a higher heat capacity
what does the energy go into when put into water, ice, or gas
changing phase
increasing temperature
therefore flat sections are only changing phase and breaking H bonds, temp doesnt change
the slopes are the heat capacity, more steep, higher heat needed to inc temp, E goes into changing temp
what are some unusual physical properties of water
specific heat- highest of all solids and liquids except NH3 - this prevents extreme ranges in temp which is imp in transporting heat around oceans
surface tension- highest of all liquids- imp in droplet formatino in clouds and breaking waves
conducion of heat- highest of all liquids- imp at small scales- cells-
latent heat of evaporation- highest of all substances- imp bc large value extremely imp in heat and water transfer in the atmosphere
what is the temp of max density in pure water
4 degrees celcius
fresh and brackish water have thier max density
above freezing
seawaters max density
at freezing
