ch 10

Question 1

sidephores

Answer 1

bact secreted ligands that move iron across membranes

Question 2

light in iron transfer

Answer 2

moves iron bw oxidized and reduced forms

Question 3

iron complexes

Answer 3

if iron is not dissolved, its gone for the surface and sinks

complexation is a good way to make it accessable

Question 4

iron and CO2

Answer 4

inversely related

iron being available is used by algae, they use up CO2 and decrease it from air and give ice age conditions

iron 2+ is what complexes

Question 5

what trace metal is important in anoxic enviroments

Answer 5

SO3-

Question 6

organic complexation trends

Answer 6

the conc of ligand is much higher than metal so metal specificity is imporant

kf is important - higher kf is better

Question 7

complexed cu and hg and fe

Answer 7

complexed cu less availabe- less toxic

hg more available- more toxic

iron more availabe- good for algae- dec cO2

Question 8

free ion complexation imporatnt for

Answer 8

Mn
Co
Ni
Ag
Cd

Question 9

organic complexation important for

Answer 9

Cu
Zn
Fe
Pb
Hg

Question 10

complexing agents for free ion complexation

Answer 10

OH-
Cl-
SO42-
CO32-
DOM

Question 11

DOM in complexes

Answer 11

acts as ligand- negative- multipe binding sites- chelating- more thermodynamically stable- higher kf

Question 12

metals are lewis_

Answer 12

acids

accept electrons

Question 13

most transition metals can bind _ ligand atoms

Answer 13

6

Question 14

weak acids do what

Answer 14

act as buffers and stabilize pH changes in ocean

Question 15

how can we estimate the djistribution of H2CO3, HCO3- and CO32- at differnt ph values

Answer 15

using pH and the two kas of carbonic acid

Question 16

what changes that k values for the different carbonic acid forms

Answer 16

strongly increase w temp and weakely decrease w salinity

Question 17

pX =

Answer 17

-log [x]

Question 18

log a (b) = c means

Answer 18

a ^ c = b

Question 19

bronsted lowry acid is a _

Answer 19

proton donor

Question 20

minor anions are _ paired

Answer 20

highly

mostly w na+ and mg++

Question 21

chloride is _ paired

Answer 21

major anion

almost entirely free

Question 22

SO42- is _ paired

Answer 22

major anion

only 1/3 free

Question 23

major cations in seawater are _ paired

Answer 23

mostly present as free and if apired w SO42-

Question 24

what are the major cations in water

Answer 24

H+
Na+
Mg2+
K+
Ca2+
Sr2+

Question 25

why must we use activity

Answer 25

bc of non specific efects in non ideal non dilute conditions

Question 26

how do we account for non specific effects

Answer 26

use activity
use equilibrium constant defined at T,S, P

Question 27

what kind of interaction is chemical bond and ion interaction

Answer 27

bond- specific
ion- non specific

Question 28

when solution contains higher conc of salts, solution

Answer 28

is no longer specific even tho in ideal solution, hydrated ions dont interact w each other and only have specific effects

Question 29

ion hydration- organization

Answer 29

diff degrees of organization depending on distance from primary solvation shell

Question 30

what effects can be described using equilibrium coefficient

Answer 30

specific effects

short distance interactions

Question 31

formation or dissolutino of solid- usually invoves hydration

Answer 31

percipitation/ dissolution

Question 32

inc of water molecule into or bw mol wo chem recation

Answer 32

hydratino

Question 33

movement of a molecule from one phase to another

Answer 33

partitioning

Question 34

chemical intecration bw chemical and surface

Answer 34

adsorption/ desorption

Question 35

eqm

Answer 35

thermo state of min energy