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chemical oceanography > ch 9 > Flashcards

ch 9 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the sulfur gasses

A

CS2

COS

dimethyl sulfide

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2
Q

what are the halogen gasses

A

methyl chloride or iodide

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3
Q

what are the nitrogen gasses

A

N2O

alkyl nitrates

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4
Q

what are the carbon gasses

A

CH4

CO2

CO

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5
Q

what gasses impact the climate

A

greenhouse gasses like CH4, DMS

increase cloudiness, air quality is affected and the ozone is depleted

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6
Q

what are the types of gasses producedby photosynth that are net influxed into the ocean

A

sulfur gasses
carbon gasses
nitrogen gasses
halogen gasses

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7
Q

what is the water. a significan sink for

A

O3

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8
Q

what is the ocean a sink for

A

O3
persistent organic pollutatns like PCB, DDT, PFAAs
CFCs
SO2

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9
Q

what gasses have fluxes that are variable in space and time

A

H2S
NH3
CO2
Hg

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10
Q

what is the name for aerosols

A

air solutions

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11
Q

what do aerosols affect

A

visibility
air quality
climate

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12
Q

lifetime of aerosols

A

short lives, deposit to the surface in few horur to a couple of weeks

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13
Q

aerosols emitted from the ocean are known as

A

sea spray
marine aerosols

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14
Q

what is sea spray/ marine aerosols composed of

A

sea salts and oganics

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15
Q

what is the major marine aerosol emission pathwat

A

bubble bursting

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16
Q

how are larger aerosols emitted

A

by jet drop formatino

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17
Q

what are larger aerosols rich in

A

sea salt- the majority

18
Q

what are smlaler aerosols produced by

A

film drop formation

19
Q

what are smaller aerosols rich in

A

organics similar to those that make up the SML

soluble and insoluble kind

20
Q

what is the change in organics observed in tthe winte

A

less organics because

21
Q

what do marine aerosols impact

A

the climate

22
Q

how do marine aerosols impact the climate directly

A

absorbing or scattering incoming radiation to warm or cool the surface of the earth respectively

23
Q

how do marine aerosols iimpact the climate indirecrtly

A

they act as cloud condensation nuclei CCN

leading to cloud formaiton and reflection of lightand the cooling of the surfcae of the earth

24
Q

the films in the thin film model are

A

stagnant and dominated by diffusion processes

25
Q

diffusion _ the gradient

A

weakens

26
Q

what is the rate limiting step for most gasses

A

diffusion through the seawater film is the slower rate limiting step

27
Q

does the film thickeness depend or not depend on the gas

A

it is not gas dependent

28
Q

what is the net flux described by

A

ficks law– proportional to the concentration gradient

29
Q

what does the net flux depend on

A

the concentration gradient
thickness of the film

30
Q

what is KhPa equal to

A

NAEC

31
Q

what is Da/Z equal to

A

piston velocity or transfer velocity

32
Q

what is Da

A

diffusion coefficient- it is diff for diff gasses and decreases with molecular weight

33
Q

what changes the diffusion coefficient and flux

A

increase with an increase in temp

34
Q

the fact that diff gasses have diff D indicates that within the film.

A

molecular diffusion domenates over turbulent diffusion bc turbulent diffusion moves entire parcels of water with all dissolved gasses in them

35
Q

how does the thin film exist in real life

A

as a surface microlayer

36
Q

what is high inthe sea surface microlayer

A

bacteria
metals
DOM

37
Q

how does the microlayer affect waves

A

it dampens the affect of wind on waves bc wind slides over water preventing drag and doesnt build up waves

38
Q

what does the thickness of the film depend on

A

wind speed

wind generated turbulence erases the film and the bubble transport dominates

39
Q

what is the typical thickness of the film

A

10-60 um

40
Q
A

chemical oceanography (15 decks)

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