LEC 9: Organic Chemistry Flashcards
study of compounds containing carbon
organic chemistry
only element present in the organic compound
carbon
properties of organic compounds
- peculiar nature of carbon (catenation)
- non-ionic character
- similarity in behavior
- complexity
- isomerism
- rate of organic reactions
- solubility
property to link with other carbon atoms, where carbon can form long chains and rings
catenation
compounds with the same chemical formula and different structural formulas
isomers
organic compounds reaction is _____
slow
unique ability of carbon
bond to itself
carbon can form:
- unsaturated compounds
- saturated compounds
all carbon atoms have four single bonds
saturated compounds
at least one carbon has a double or a triple bond
unsaturated compounds
4 ways a molecule can be represented
- molecular
- structural
- condensed structural
- skeletal or line diagram
3 types of hydrocarbons
- alkanes
- alkenes
- alkynes
substituent or an alkane with one less carbon is also called
alkyl
group of atoms that have specific behavioral characteristics in organic compounds
functional groups
other classifications of hydrocrabons
- aliphatic
- aromatic
hydrocarbons without benzene rings
aliphatic
hydrocarbons with benzene rings
aromatic
kinds of aliphatic
- alkanes
- alkenes
- alkynes
general formula of alkane
CnH2n+2
general formula for alkene
CnH2n
general formula for alkynes
CnH2n-2
how do chemist name organic compounds, which is a set of rules that allow for a systematic and uniform method of naming compounds
IUPAC System
IUPAC means?
international union of pure and applied chemistry
general formula for alkyl groups
R = CnH2n+1
general formula of cycloalkanes
CnH2n
