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CHEM 201 > LEC 12: Types of Chemical Reaction > Flashcards

LEC 12: Types of Chemical Reaction Flashcards

1
Q

process that leads to a change in substances

A

chemical reaction

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2
Q

chemical reaction involves: (4)

A
  • rearrangement of atoms or molecules into different structures
  • breaking or forming of bonds between the outermost electrons of the atoms
  • consume or release energy
  • different from a physical change, which does not result in a change in substances
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3
Q

symbolic representation of a chemical reaction

A

chemical equation

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4
Q

chemical equations provide us with the means to:

A
  • summarize the reaction
  • display the substances that are reacting
  • show the products
  • indicate the amounts of all component substances in a reaction
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5
Q

chemical reactions always involve _____

A

change

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6
Q

_____, _____, and _____ rearrange to form different substances

A
  • atoms
  • molecules
  • ions
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7
Q

substances entering the reaction

A

reactants

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8
Q

substances formed in the reaction

A

products

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9
Q

during reactions, chemical bonds are _____ and new bonds are _____

A
  • broken
  • formed
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10
Q

chemical equation is a ____ for a chemical change or reaction

A

shorthand expression

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11
Q

chemical equation uses the ____ and ____ of the reactants and products and other symbolic terms to represent a chemical reaction

A
  • chemical symbols
  • formula
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12
Q

placed in front of substances to balance the equation and to indicate the number of units of each substance that are reacting

A

coefficients

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13
Q

conditions required to carry out the reaction may be placed ____ or _____ the arrow

A
  • above
  • below
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14
Q

in a chemical reaction, atoms are neither _____ nor ____

A
  • created
  • destroyed
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15
Q

_____ atoms present in the reactant must also be present in the products

A

all

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16
Q

states that in a chemical reaction, mass is neither created nor destroyed

A

law of conservation of mass

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17
Q

meaning and location of the symbol: +

A
  • plus
  • placed between substances
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18
Q

meaning and location of the symbol: (g)

A
  • gas
  • after formula
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19
Q

meaning and location of the symbol: (aq)

A
  • aqueous
  • after formula
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20
Q

meaning and location of the symbol: (s)

A
  • solid
  • after formula
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21
Q

meaning and location of the symbol: (Δ)

A
  • heat
  • written above or below the →
22
Q

meaning and location of the symbol: →

A
  • yields
  • between reactants and products
23
Q

meaning and location of the symbol: (l)

A
  • liquid
  • after formula
24
Q

meaning and location of the symbol: hv

A
  • light energy
  • written above →
25
Q

meaning and location of the symbol: ↑

A
  • gas formation
  • after formula
26
Q

4 types of chemical reaction

A
  • combination
  • decomposition
  • single replacement
  • double replacement
27
Q

two reactants combine to form one product

A

combination

28
Q

metal + oxygen → ______

A

metal oxide

29
Q

nonmetal + oxygen → ______

A

nonmetal oxide

30
Q

metal + nonmetal → ______

31
Q

metal oxide + water → _______

A

metal hydroxide

32
Q

nonmetal oxide + water → _____

33
Q

a single substance breaks down to give two or more different substances

A

decomposition

34
Q

metal oxide → _____

A

metal + oxygen

35
Q

metal oxide → metal oxide + ______

36
Q

carbonate → _____

A

CO2 (g) or carbon dioxide

37
Q

hydrogen carbonate → _____

A

CO2 or carbon dioxide

38
Q

one element reacts with a compound to replace one of the elements of that compound

A

single replacement

39
Q

metal + acid → _____

A

hydrogen + salt

40
Q

metal + water → _____

A

hydrogen + metal hydroxide

41
Q

an atom of an element in the activity series will displace an atom of an element ____ if from one of its compounds

42
Q

metal higher in activity series ____ metal below it

43
Q

metal lower in activity _____ metal above it

A

cannot displace

44
Q

halogen higher in activity series ____ halogen below it

45
Q

B displaces D and combines with C

A

double replacement

46
Q

4 accompaniments of double displacement reactions

A
  • formation of a precipitate
  • release of gas bubbles
  • release of heat
  • formation of water
47
Q

reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen gas, releasing energy in the form of light and heat

A

combustion

48
Q

combustion reactions must involves ____ as one reactant

49
Q

combustion of hydrogen gas produces _____

50
Q

hydrogen-filled airship that suffered an accident upon its attempted landing in New Jersey in 1937

A

The Hindenburg

51
Q

many combustion reactions occur with a ____, a compound made up solely of carbon and oxygen

A

hydrocarbon

52
Q

products of combustion of hydrocarbons are always _____ and _____

A
  • carbon dioxide
  • water

CHEM 201 (20 decks)

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