LEC 6: CFAM Theoretical Foundations Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 6 thepretical foundations for CFAM?
A
- Postmodernism
- Systems theory
- Cybernetics
- Communication theory
- Change theory
- Biology of cognition
2
Q
CFAM Theoretical Foundations: Postmodernism
A
- Values pluralism- acknowledges that many world views and explanations exist
- Debate about knowledge- where does it come from, psotmodernists question taken for granted ideas/assumptions
- Looks for more than one way of looking at things
3
Q
How does postmodernism work in CFAM?
A
- Values all versions of the story and everyone’s experience of illness/suffering.
- We know that ther is multiple versions.
4
Q
CFAM Theoretical Foundations: Systems Theory
A
- A system is a complex of elements in mutual interactions.
- Applies to family nicely if you see the family as a whole, interactive nature.
5
Q
What are the main concepts in systems theory?
A
- All parts of the system are interconnected.
- The whole is more than the sum of its parts.
- Boundaries between the system and its environment are on a continnum from closed to open.
- Systems can be further organized into subsystems.
6
Q
How do we see systems theory in CFAM?
A
- Individuals and the whole
- Family as a whole is greater than the sum of its parts
- A change in one family member affects all memebers
- Families create balance between change and stability (adaptive or maladaptive)
- Families are dynamic and respond to stresses from the internal and external environment
- Nurse’s goals are to help maintain or restor the stability of the family, to help them achieve the highest level of functioning
7
Q
CFAM Theoretical Foundations: Cybernetics
A
- Science of communication and control theory
- Shifts the focus from substance to form
- Not waht is being said but how it is being said, the tone it is being said, and the non-verbals
- Is about feedbacks; comes out in the circular communication diagrams
- Ask who is controlling the messages in the family
- Related to communication theory; blended
8
Q
CFAM Theoretical Foundations: Communication Theory
A
- All non-vernal communication is meaningful
- Attention to channels of communication (digital/analog)
- Digital: content of verbal message
- Analog: non-verbal/artistic
- All communication has two levels
- Content and relationship
- Explore circularity in communication
9
Q
CFAM Theoretical Foundations: Change Theory
A
- There are two levels of change:
- First-order change
- Second-order change
- If you cause a change on one person it will affect the whol system; maybe not right away but eventually.
10
Q
What arew the 9 concepts in change theory?
A
- Change is dependent on the perception of the problem
- Change is determined by structure
- Change is dependent on the context
- Change is dependent on co-evolving goals for treatment
- Understanding alone does not equal change
- Change does not always occur equally in all family members
- Facilitating change is the nurese’s responsibility
- Change occurs by fitting interventions offered by the nurse with the biopsychosocial-spiritual structures by the nurse
- Change can have multiple causes
11
Q
CFAM Theoretical Foundations: Biology of Cognition
A
- There are two avenues that we can use to explain our world
- Objectivity: one domain of reference explains the world, we exist independently of observers
- Objectivity in parentheses: truths are created and brought forth by observer- nothing is certain everyone’s view is version of a presumably correct interpretation
- Reality isn’t waiting to be discovered, we bring it life throughout interactions with ourselves/others, we construct our realities and understandings
- Each person comes into the conversation with their own cognitions; need to remain objective
12
Q
Systems Theory
A
- Roots in biology and physics
- Important in terms of understanding interactions and is about reciprocity; circualr communication
- There are always parts of the system that draw more energy; can make the system a little shaky
- Need to know that if you suggest a change in system that the system will be a littel shaky and will take time to “balance” itself and have stability
- When things are a little unstable, that is when growth comes; cant fix them to soon; family has to find their own way to fix the problem
- Can use systems theory to look at the depth of the change/cirsis that the family is going through
- Family as client perspective
- Nurses assist to maintain and regain family stability
- Assessment questions focused on family as a whole
- Interventions must address individuals, subsystems within the family, and the whole family all at once
13
Q
What are the assumptions of systems theory?
A
- An individual is both a part and a whole in a family
- Family systems features are designed to maintain stability (adaptive or maladaptive)
- Families are dynamic and respond to stressess from the internal and external environment
- Emphasis is on the whole family
- Any change in one family memebr affects all memebers
- Nurse’s goals are to help mantain or restore the stability of the family, to help them achive highest level of functioning.
14
Q
What are the concepts of systems theory?
A
- All parts of the system are interconnected
- The whole is more thant he sum of its parts
- All systems have some form of boundaries or borders between the system and its environment
- Systems can be further organized into subsystems
15
Q
System Theory: The Whole is More than the Sum of its Parts
A
- Family is considered more than the individual lives of the family memebers
- All relationships are viewed together
- The family as a whole are affected by an unexpected life event
- Individuas are best understood within their larger context
20
Q
Family Development Theory
A
- An appraoch to studying families, which is useful in explaining patterned change, the dynamic nature of the family and how change occurs in the family life cycle.
- Familes move over time through successive stages.
- Dates back to the 1930s.
