lec 6 Flashcards
mons pubis is formed of
subcutaneous adipose connective tissue
The three cylindrical masses of erectile tissue are enclosed within ———and separated by a dense connective tissue
tunica albuginea
deep fascia of penis—————which contains ————
Buck fascia
prominent blood vessels
which structure contains the penile urethra
corpus spongiosum
the corpora cavernosa diverge proximally to form
crura of penis
the penis root lies in
superficial perineal pouch
The corpus spongiosum
proximally it is
distally forms
it is continuous with bulb of penis.
it expands in front of corpora cavernosa forming glans penis (head of penis)
The margin of glans projects beyond end of corpora cavernosa to form
corona of gland
prepuce (foreskin) is connected to glans penis just below ————– by a median fold known as ————–
external urethral meatus
frenulum of penis
The body of penis is supported by two condensations of deep fascia
(1) Fundiform ligament of penis
(2) Suspensory ligament of penis
Fundiform ligament of penis Inferiorly, it splits to surround penis and then unite to form
scrotal septum
blood supply of penis
The internal pudendal artery gives off the following branches:
Artery of bulb: Supplies the corpus spongiosum.
b. Deep arteries of penis: Supply corpora cavernosa.
c. Dorsal arteries of penis: Supply remaining areas of penis.
Veins from penis drain into internal pudendal veins.
seminal vesicle It is related posteriorly ——— from which it is separated by ————-, and medially to ———–
to rectum,rectovesical fascia
vas deferens
The vertical axis of each seminal vesicle is directed
downwards and medially
The seminal vesicles secrete up to ——- of total volume of seminal fluid
85%
anterior relation of seminal vesicle
bladder
The prostatic capsule is surrounded by ———-, which is continuous anterolaterally with ————, and posteriorly with —————
visceral layer of pelvic fascia
puboprostatic ligaments
rectovescical septum
The anterior muscular surface of prostate is connected to pubic bone by
the puboprostatic ligaments.
the prostate is separated from symphyses pubis by
retropubic pad of fat
The posterior surface of prostate is separated from ampula of rectum by
rectovesical septum
the two ejaculatory ducts enter prostate at which surface
upper border of posterior surface
The urethra traversed prostatic gland from ——– to ————
base to apex
The apex (inferior aspect) of prostate lies against .
superior aspect of sphincter urethrae and deep transverse perineal muscles (urogenital diaphragm)
The prostate is completely divided into ——- lobes
5
Anterior lobe (Isthmus) of prostate Lies
in front of urethra
Middle lobe of prostate Lies
behind urethra and above ejaculatory duct
Posterior lobe of prostate Lies
behind urethra and below ejaculatory duct
Right and left lateral lobes of prostate Lie
on either side of urethra
They form major part of prostate
Right and left lateral lobes
Anterior lobe (Isthmus) of prostate represents superior continuation of —————.
urethral sphincter muscle
Anterior lobe (Isthmus) of prostate is primarily ————tissue and contains no ———– tissue
muscular
glandular
Blood Supply of the Prostate
The prostate is supplied by inferior vesical, middle rectal and internal pudendal arteries.
Veins form plexus within the capsule called the prostatic venous plexus, which drains into internal iliac veins
Lymph Drainage of the Prostate
Lymph vessels from prostate end in internal iliac and sacral lymph nodes.
Few vessels however drain into external iliac lymph nodes
Bulbourethral Glands or Cowper’s Glands relation to membranous part of urethra
lies posterolateral to it
Bulbourethral Glands or Cowper’s Glands are largely imbedded in
external urethral sphincter
Bulbourethral Glands or Cowper’s Glands duct pierces what ? and then opens to which part of urethra?
perineal membrane
penile urethra
when does interstitial (leydig) cells become apparent ? where do they lie ? what do they secrete ?
during puberty
in the spaces between adjacent seminiferous tubules
testosterone
what produces spermatozoa?
The seminiferous tubules
Tunica propria is composed of ? enveloping what?
several layers of fibroblasts
enveloping seminiferous tubules
The most inner layer adherent to basal lamina of tunica propria consists of?
flattened myoid cells
myoid cells have the characteristic of ?
smooth muscle
Seminiferous (germinal) epithelium Composed of two types of cells
sertoli or sustentacular cells, and spermatogenic cells (spermatogenic lineage)
spermatogenic cells (spermatogenic lineage) are stacked in ———— layers
4 – 8
spermatogenic cells (spermatogenic lineage) consist of 4 types of cells? their function is?
spermatogonium, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, and spermatids
Their function is to produce spermatozoa
The seminiferous epithelium rests on
a well-defined basal lamina
Before puberty what type of cells in germinal epithelium of seminiferous ducts
Spermatogonia
Spermatogonia type A characterized by
Large round or oval nucleus
Condensed chromatin
peripheral nucleoli and nuclear vacuole
Characteristics of Spermatogonia type B
Dispersed chromatin
Central nucleoli
No nuclear vacuole
spermatogenesis starts with which type of cells? and by which type of division ?
spermatogonium
mitosis
spermatogonia type B undergo which type of division ? producing what?
mitosis
primary spermatocytes
which type of sperm cells migrate towards the lumen of seminiferous tubule
primary spermatocyte
what type of division does the primary spermatocyte undergo? it stays in which phase for how long ? what does it produce
miosis
prophase
22 days
secondary spermatocyte (23 chromosome)
which cells are the largest cells of spermatogenic lineage ?
primary spermatocytes
which cells is characterized by presence of chromosomes in various stages of coiling within their nuclei
primary spermatocytes
secondary spermatocytes undergo which type of division? forming what ?
second miotic division (rapidly)
spermatides (23 chromosome )
Spermiogenesis Is process by which
spermatids are transformed into motile mature spermatozoa
during spermatogenesis the golgi forms ———— that contains ————-
acrosomal vesicle, which accumulates carbohydrates and hydrolytic enzymes.
the acrosomal vesicle forms ?
spreads to cover anterior half of progressively elongating and condensing nucleus to form acrosomal head cap
the flagellum is formed by ?
One of the centrioles elongates to form a flagellum
how does the middle piece forms ? and it has an aggregates of what ?
cytoplasm migrates to surround the proximal part of flagellum forming a thickened region
Mitochondria aggregate around flagellum in this region
As the flagellum elongates, excess cytoplasm is shed and phagocytosed by which cells ?
sertoli cells
the outline of sertoli cells is poorly defined bc of ——–
numerous lateral processes
what forms the blood-testis barrier?
Adjacent Sertoli cells are bound together by occluding junctions at basolateral part of the cell
sertoli cells secrete a lot of substances they are ? and what is their function?
Secretion of factors that regulate spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis
Secretion of factors that regulate the function of lydig cells
Secretion of inhibin, which suppresses synthesis and release of FSH in the anterior pituitary gland
Secretion of tubular fluid, which is used for sperm transport
