LEC 3: Definitions

Question 1

Isotonic Solution

Answer 1

Two solutions having the same osmotic pressure across a semipermeable membrane. This state allows for the free movement of water across the membrane without changing the concentration of solutes on either side

Question 2

Hypertonic Solution

Answer 2

The concentration of solutes is greater outside the cell than inside it. Fluid will leave the cell and go into interstitial space

Question 3

Hypotonic Solution

Answer 3

The concentration of solutes is greater inside the cell than outside of it

Question 4

Tonicity

Answer 4

Cells affected by the osmolality of fluid around them

Question 5

Osmolality

Answer 5

Total solute concentration in an aqueous solution

Question 6

Permeability

Answer 6

Cells that are selectively permeable

Question 7

Selectively Oermeable

Answer 7

Permits free passage of some material and restricts others

Question 8

Intracellular Fluid

Answer 8

Fluid inside of cells (67%)

Question 9

Extracellular Fluid

Answer 9

Fluid outside of cells (32%)

Question 10

Intravascular Fluid

Answer 10

Is part of extracellular fluid; fluid in blood vessels (8%)

Question 11

Interstitial Fluid

Answer 11

Is part of extracellular fluid; fluid between the cells and blood vessels (24%)

Question 12

Inflitration

Answer 12

IV fluid enters the surrounding space around venipuncture site

Question 13

Phlebitis

Answer 13

Inflammation of the vein

Question 14

Fluid Volume Excess

Answer 14

Patient receives too much fluid

Question 15

Coronary Atherosclerosis

Answer 15

A buildup of plaque inside the artery walls. This buildup causes the inside of the arteries to become narrower and slows down the flow of blood.

Question 16

Cardiovascular Disease

Answer 16

A class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels

Question 17

Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)

Answer 17

Is a blood circulation disorder that causes the blood vessels outside of your heart and brain to narrow, block, or spasm. This can happen in your arteries or veins. PVD typically causes pain and fatigue, often in your legs, and especially during exercise

Question 18

Vasodilation

Answer 18

Is the widening of blood vessels. It results from relaxation of smooth muscle cells within the vessel walls, in particular in the large veins, large arteries, and smaller arterioles. When blood vessels dilate, the flow of blood is increased due to a decrease in vascular resistance. Therefore, dilation of arterial blood vessels decreases blood pressure.