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slp1514: applied audiology > lec 11 > Flashcards

lec 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Why do bone conduction scores determine sensorineural acuity?

A

Because they bypass outer and middle ear

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2
Q

What does it mean if hearing is significantly better by BC than AC on an audiogram?

A

Means there is a disruption in outer and/or middle ear

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3
Q

What does sensorineural hearing loss look like on an audiogram? (2)

A
  • Air and bone conduction lines are OVERLAPPING
  • Both in atypical range (25 for adults, 15 for children)
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4
Q

What does conductive hearing loss look like on an audiogram? (2)

A
  • Bone scores better than air scores in at least 2 frequencies
  • ALL bone scores are in typical range (25 for adults, 15 for children)
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5
Q

What does mixed hearing loss look like on an audiogram? (2)

A
  • Bone scores better than air scores in at least 2 frequencies
  • Some or all of bone scores are in atypical range (25 for adults, 15 for children)
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6
Q

What is a mixed hearing loss?

A

sensorineural and a conductive component in the same ear

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7
Q

what determines the size of the conductive component of mixed hearing loss?

A

Air-bone gap

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8
Q

Diff bw bilateral vs unilateral hearing loss?

A
  • Bilateral = in both ears
  • Unilateral = in one ear
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9
Q

Diff bw symmetrical vs asymmetrical hearing loss?

A
  • Symmetrical = same in both ears
  • Asymmetrical = ears not the same (15+ dB difference in at least two frequencies)
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10
Q

Symbols for air conduction?

A
  • Right = O
  • Left = X
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11
Q

Symbols for bone conduction? (not universal)

A
  • Right = <
  • Left = >
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12
Q

What does an arrow on an audiogram mean?

A
  • No response to MACHINE LIMITS
  • Therefore, no threshold determined
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13
Q

Symbols for no response?

A
  • Right = diagonal down to left
  • Left = diagonal down to right
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14
Q

Should you connect the no response symbol to other symbols?

A

No

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15
Q

Can air conduction be worse than bone conduction?

A

Yes: conductive or mixed

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16
Q

Can bone conduction be worse than air conduction?

A

Not more than 10dB

17
Q

When testing hearing, we test each ear by AC. Then, we test by BC, one side only. We test only on one side, because we will get the same responses regardless of where we place the bone oscillator on the person’s head. Is there any problems with this?

A

In cases of conductive or mixed audiograms (bone conduction above air conduction), cannot know which ear is responding.

18
Q

What is masking?

A
  • Presenting noise to non-test ear via air conduction
  • Person is supposed to ignore noise and respond to tone
19
Q

How intense should the masking noise be?

A

At least as intense as the AC threshold in the non-test ear

20
Q

When is masking for BONE conduction necessary?

A

When air-bone gap is greater than 10dB

21
Q

What is the symbol for BC masked?

A
  • Right = [
  • Left = ]
22
Q

What does a completed audiogram contain?

A

The mask symbols ([ or ])

23
Q

What are the 2 concepts we need to keep in mind when masking for AIR conduction?

A
  1. Cross-hearing
  2. Interaural attenuation
24
Q

What is cross-hearing? Which cases is this relevant for?

A
  • Sound crosses from one side of the head to the other primarily by bone conduction.
  • Relevant for cases where hearing sensitivity is considerable better in one ear than the other.
25
Q

Why is cross-hearing a problem?

A

Non-test ear is actually responding

26
Q

What is interaural attenuation? What affects it?

A
  • Loss of intensity of a sound as it crosses over head from one ear to another
  • Affected by frequency, client, transducer
27
Q

When does cross-hearing occur?

A
  • Whenever the level of the tone in the test ear by AC minus the IA is equal to or better than the BC threshold of the non-test ear.
  • Use 40dB HL as IA value
28
Q

what is the formula that helps decide if we need to mask for AC vs BC?

A
  • AC: ACte – 40dB > or = BCnte
  • BC: ACte – BCeither > 10dB
29
Q

What are the symbols for AC masked?

A
  • Right = triangle
  • Left = square
30
Q

What is the flow of hearing on an audiogram?

A
  • Final air lines all joined
  • BC typically not joined
31
Q

T or F: you must mask for symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss.

A

False – no gaps!

32
Q

T or F: for suspected conductive or mixed hearing loss, you always have to mask some or all BC thresholds.

A

True – gaps!

33
Q

T or F: large asymmetry in AC thresholds between ears requires masking to find all true AC and BC thresholds

A

True

slp1514: applied audiology (13 decks)

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