Learnings Flashcards
Angina Pectoris
the sensation of chest pain, pressure, or squeezing, often due to ischemia of the heart muscle from obstruction or spasm of the coronary arteries.
Angina Pectoris is caused by ________ mismatch in the coronary arteries
supply-demand
Levines sign
pt has CP and points right to their sternum
Right arm pain is not _______
Angina
Sharp, shooting pain is ______-
NOT ANGINA
Left arm/jaw pain is _________
Angina
__________ helps with true Angina
Rest, Nitroglycerin
_________ can cause dyspnea
LV failure
Mitral stenosis
Orthopnea
SOB when laying flat
relieved by elevation
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
SOB that wakes pt from sleep
Dyspnea on exertion
SOB while walking, etc
Syncope
transient loss of consciousness
reduced blood flow to brain
Syncope Causes
Cardiac- rhythm disturbance, LV output obstruction
Vasovagal (stress/parasymp response)
Orthostatic
coughing
Carotide sensitivity leading to syncope is common with……
men’s ties, and tuning of the head
a narrowing of the aorta, when this occurs, heart must pump harder to force blood through the narrow part of your aorta.
Coarctation of the aorta
Coarctation of the aorta is generally present at birth (congenital).
an irregular radial pulse may be caused by
A fib
Orthostatic is a drop by _____ in ______
20 mmHG in systolic pressure
LBB on ECG will affect ____ on PE
the PMI- will feel sluggish
is S4 always patho?
No, can be normal result of aging
____________ is the most common cause of a heart murmur
Valvular heart disease
Valve stenosis – a narrow, tight, stiff valve, limiting forward flow of blood.
Valve regurgitation – a valve that does not close completely, allowing backward flow (a “leaky” valve)
Murmurs can be present without any medical or heart conditions. Two common examples include:
Childhood murmurs
Pregnancy
The fourth heart sound, S4 is
Atrial kick
Ass. w/ V hyper trophy
NOT ALWAYS PATHOGENIC
Holo systolic murmur
Heart sound continuing between S1 and S2
Can be from mitral regurg
