Learning (pt 2) - Exam 2

Question 1

punishment

Answer 1

decreases behavior (NOT the same as discipline)
either positive or negative

Question 1

positive punishment

Answer 1

aversion/unpleasant stimulus is added
ex: get chores -> stop coming home late

Question 2

negative punishment

Answer 2

rewarding stimulus is removed
ex: take away car keys -> stop coming home late

Question 3

define positive/negative punishment for the following scenario:
take aspirin for headache
(bonus - define negative reinforcement)

Answer 3

positive punishment - allergic reaction
negative punishment - lose sympathetic attention of spouse
(negative reinforcement - headache goes away)

Question 4

define positive/negative punishment for the following scenario:
come home 2 hours late

Answer 4

positive punishment - scolded/grounded
negative punishment - miss episode of favorite TV show

Question 5

latent learning

Answer 5

occurs when learning is taking place but is not yet demonstrated
ex: rats in a maze

Question 6

observational learning

Answer 6

watching others behavior and storing it for future use
ex: Amanda’s daughter using the microwave, Bondura clown
*includes social learning theory and imitation/modeling

Question 7

social learning theory

Answer 7

emphasizes how children learn behavior from their environment

Question 8

imitation/modeling

Answer 8

copying someone else’s behavior

Question 9

what did Bondura’s experiment teach us?

Answer 9

children learn social behavior (such as aggression) through a process of observational learning

Question 10

what did the APA discover about video games?

Answer 10

long term exposure to video games can increase aggressive behavior/thoughts
NOT linked to criminal behavior

Question 11

are classical conditioning, operant conditioning, observational learning, and punishment mutually exclusive?

Answer 11

NO
they CAN and DO occur simultaneously