Learning Objective 3

Question 1

What are Tōji guilds?

Answer 1

Formed in Edo Period (1603)
Season workers traveled to location to produce
Organization where members shared techniques and taught next Gen
Provided apprentice and jobs

Question 2

National Research Institute of Brewing (NRIB)

Answer 2

Est 1904 (now part of Tax Dept)
To conduct research and improve brewing with tech
eg - understand taste, faults, microbiology and sustainability

Question 3

Brewing Society of Japan (BrewSoc)

Answer 3

Est 1906
Provided sake yeast
R&D

Question 4

Japan Sake & Schōchū Makers Association (JSS)

Answer 4

Est 1953
Promo, develop and distro sake and sochu domestically and abroad
1,696 members
Enforcement of taxation, regulation, food hygiene and recycling

Question 5

Japan Agriculture (JA)

Answer 5

Network of Farm COOPS
Cover all crops but rice most important
1942-1985 controlled all rice market
Today, 50% sake rice sold via JA

Question 6

What is the size of the export market for Japanese Sake

Answer 6

5% or 21.7 kL or 120,891 koku
2020

Question 7

What are the top 5 countries for sake export?

Answer 7

1. USA
2. China
3. Hong Kong
4. Taiwan
5. Korea

Question 8

What is Japan’s total production in koku?

Answer 8

2.33m koku

Question 9

How many sake breweries in Japan?

Answer 9

1,371
1970s there was 3,000

Question 10

What is the breakdown in koku of the sake industry?

Answer 10

Average: 2,000 koku
80% breweries 300 koku
3% >10,000 koku

Question 11

What is the average Japanese sake production in koku?

Question 12

Accounts for a third of all all tōji and kura-bito?

Answer 12

Nanbu Tōji Guild

Question 13

What is kura-bito?

Answer 13

Brewery workers

Question 14

What is a koku

Answer 14

180L
20 - 9L cases

Question 15

What is kura?

Answer 15

Brewery

Question 16

What is kura-moto

Answer 16

Brewery Owner

Question 17

What are the trends for Tōji today?

Answer 17

1. family members involved in production and
   2 Families are becoming tōji
2. Traveling seasonal workers (kura-bito) are now local hired permanently to “learn on the job” rather than apprentice

Question 18

What do the recent trends in tōji mean for the industry?

Answer 18

1. Kura-moto (brewery owner) less dependent on Tōji
2. Become more flexibly since dwindling staff at breweries
3. Use locally trained brewers

Question 19

What is the pre-eminant guild in Japan?

Answer 19

Nanbu Tōji Guild
Accounts for 1/3 of tōji and kura-bito

Question 20

Nanbu

Answer 20

Iwate Prf Guild Biggest

Question 21

Echigo

Answer 21

Niigata Prf Guild

Question 22

Tanba

Answer 22

Hyōgo Prf