Learning Group 3 Flashcards
Examples of Organelles?
Ribosomes, Mitochondria, ER, Nucleus, Lysosome
Prokaryotic Cells
Smaller
Simpler
Most do not have organelles
FOund in bacteria and archaea
Eukaryotic Cells
Larger
More Complex
Have Organelles
Found in animals, plants, protists, fungi
FLuid Mosaic Model; FLuid
Fluid comes from the movement of the phospholipids
Fluid Mosaic Model: Mosaic
Comes from the proteins that are scattered across the membrane
What membrane is in the Fluid Mosaic Model?
Is a phospholipid bilayer
Nuclear envelope protects what?
Nucleus
Envelope is…
continuous with the ER
Nuclear Pores
Move contents in and out of the nucleus
Nucleus contains.
DNA and histone proteins
Nucleolus is a condensed mass of..
rRNA
What determines what passes through Nuclear Pore?
Nuclear pores are selective. Only certain things can come in and out
Nucleases
When the cell is not selective, the cell dies
Nucleosome
Unit of DNA packaging
Chromatin
Fiber that is formed when DNA associates with histones
Chromosome
One unit of coiled Chromatin
Ribosomes
translate the mRNA into a sequence of amino acids that synthesize proteins
Part rRNA and part protein
Ribosomes assembly
Partially assembled in nucleolus, whole assembly in the cytoplasm
Rough ER
Contains ribosomes that produce membrane and secretory proteins. Proteins moved via transport vesicles
Smooth ER
Produces lipids and steroids; helps detoxify drugs
Golgi
Processes and modifies chemical products of the cell; works in partnership with the ER
Lysosome
Contains digestive enzymes, absent from most plant cells, break down many macromolecules (proteins, sugars, fats, nucleic acid)
Peroxisomes
Contains enzymes, breaks down fatty acids, detoxifies chemicals such as drugs and alcohol
Central Vacuoles of Plants
Stores organic nutrients and waste
Break down waste
Absorb Water
May contain pigments or poisons
Mitochondria
Organelles of cellular respiration, produce ATP. Contains DNA of their own
Cellular Respiration Equation
Glucose + Oxygen –> Water + Carbon Dioxide + Energy
Chloroplasts
Capture light energy in pigments called chlorophyll
Cytoskeleton Components
Actin, Microtubule, Intermediate Filament
Cytoskeleton Function
Mechanical Support, Shape, Movement
Cytoskeleton
Different filaments have different functoins. Movement of cell and organizing DNA during cell division (Mitotic Spindle-microtubules)
