Learning disability Flashcards
What are learning disabilities?
Conditions of arrested or incomplete development of the mind, which is characterised by impairment of skills manifested during the development period, which contribute to the overall level of intelligence
What areas can learning disabilities affect?
Cognitive
Language
Motor
Social
What are the criteria for diagnosis if learning disability?
Intellectual impairment
Social or adaptive dysfunction
Onset in developmental period (before age 18)
What is the intellectual impairment requirement in learning disability?
IQ<70
What are the criteria for social or adaptive functioning?
Deficits in 2 or more of
- communication
- self care
- home living
- social skills
- community use
- self dirction
- health and safety
- functional academics
- leisure and work
What is the classification of learning disability?
Mild- IQ 50-69
Moderate- 35-49
Severe- 20-34- more clinical judgement
Profound- <20- more clinical judgement
What are the causes of learning disabilities?
Genetic Infective Toxic Trauma Unknown
What are the genetic causes of learning disabilities?
Single gene
Microdeletion/duplication
Chromosomal abnormality
What are the infective causes of learning disability?
Antenatal rubella
Postnatal meningitis
What is a toxic cause of learning disability?
Foetal alcohol syndrome
What conditions are associated with learning disability?
Epilepsy Sensory impairments Obesity GI- swallowing problems, reflux oesophagitis, H.pylori, constipation Resp- chest infections, aspiration pneumonia Ortho- joint contractures, osteoporosis Cerebral palsy Derm and dental issues
What mental health problems have a higher incidence in people with learning disabilities?
Schizophrenia
Mood disorders
OCD
Overactivity syndromes
