LE 2 Flashcards
1
Q
- Sum of physical and chemical processes by which sediments are lithified into sedimentary rocks
A
Diagenesis
2
Q
– burrowing animals
A
- Bioturbation
3
Q
Progradation – sediments * the sea
Retrogradation – sediments * the sea
A
advance towards
retreat from
4
Q
Transgression – * migration of sea level
Regression – * migration of sea level
A
landward
seaward
5
Q
Transitional
A
Delta - prograding depositional bodies; has similar morphology to an alluvial fan
beach - - ¬accumulation of sediment found along the landward margin of the ocean
6
Q
Terrestrial
A
- Alluvial fans – fan-shaped deposits along steep mountains
2. Bajada – coalescing alluvial fans
7
Q
– landlocked body of standing, non-marine body
A
- Lake , lacustrine
8
Q
Fluvial
A
- Meandering Streams
- Braided Streams
Drainage Patterns
9
Q
Aeolian
- Dunes
A
deposition – leeward side, erosion – stoss side
- Aeolian erosion
- Blowout
- Desert pavement - Abrasion
- Ventifact and Yardangs - Deposition
- Dunes – mounds and ridges where sand is deposited; deposition – leeward side, erosion – stoss side
10
Q
Detrital Sedimentary Rocks
- Size of grains
1. * – measure of energy; larger grain more energy
2. * – measure of angularity; more rounded farther distance
3. * – measure of uniformity; more sorted higher energy and farther distance
A
Grain size
Roundness
Sorting
11
Q
Agents of metamorphism
A
: heat, pressure, deviatoric stress, chemically active fluids
12
Q
Types of Metamorphism
- Area or Volume Affected
- Local metamorphism (<300km3)
- Regional metamorphism (thousands km3)
- Nature of Chemical Processes
- *– no change
- – there is a change
- Dominant Metamorphic Agent
- metamorphism – heat
- metamorphism – deviatoric stress
- metamorphism – pressure
- – chemically active fluids
- metamorphism – both heat and pressure
A
Isochemical Allochemical Contact Dynamic Static Metasomatism Dynamothermal
