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LDS > LD 34 > Flashcards

LD 34 Flashcards

1
Q

No pulse, and no breath ?

A

Perform CPR

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2
Q

Pulse and not breathing ?

A

Perform rescue breath

-breathing for the victim

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3
Q

Clinical Death

A

when breathing and circulation stops

-It may be reversible if CPR is initiated immediately

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4
Q

Biological Death

A

When the brain cells die due to lack of oxygen

-takes place 4-6min. after breathing and circulation stop

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5
Q

AED

A

Automated external defibulator

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6
Q

Two ways to open the airway

A

Jaw thrust and head tilt chin lift

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7
Q

Two ways to clear an airway obstruction

A
  • abdominal thrust (conscious)
  • chest compressions (unconscious)
  • chest thrust (for obese or pregnant people)

*if and only if you can see the object you may do a finger sweep

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8
Q

Rescue Breath

A

Pulse but not breathing

  • Adult: 1 breath every 5-6 sec
  • Child: 1 breath every 3-5 sce
  • check pulse every 2 min.
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9
Q

Two techniques to control bleeding

A

direct pressure and the tourniquet

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10
Q

4 Classification Categories

A

Deceased

Immediate (priority)
-over 30 breaths/min, pulse more than 2 seconds and unable to follow commands

Delayed (2nd in line)

Minor (3rd)

*classification based on breathing, circulation, and mental status

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11
Q

Abrasion

A

Scraping away of outer skin

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12
Q

Incision

A

Smooth straight cut

Ex. Paper or razor cut

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13
Q

Laceration

A

Jagged edge wound

Ex. Broken glass, metal

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14
Q

Puncture

A

Deep wound through the skin and tissue

Ex. Knives, arrows, bullets

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15
Q

Avulsion

A

Part of the body forcibly torn away

Ex. Tip of nose, ear etc

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16
Q

Amputation

A

Surgical or traumatic removal of a body part

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17
Q

Treating for shock

A 
Control Bleeding 
Maintain body Temp.
Position to maintain blood flow
Reassure victim 
Monitor
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18
Q

Experienced Stroke

A

You elevate the head and shoulders

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19
Q

Fracture of any lower limbs

A

Do not elevate legs

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20
Q

Joints

A

Place where bones fit together

-critical in order for body to move

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21
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

Soft fibrous tissue

-controls all conscious or deliberate movement of bones and joints

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22
Q

Cartilage

A

Connective tissues that cover the end of the bones

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23
Q

Tendons

A

Nada of connective tissue that binds muscles to bones

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24
Q

Pathogens

A

Causes infections and diseases that are spread through the air or by contact with blood or body fluids

25
Q

Bacteria

A

Microscopic organs that live in humans, animals, plants, water, soil etc.

  • humans have bad and good bacteria, the bad bacteria is a pathogen
26
Q

Virus

A

Submicroscopic agent capable of infecting living cells, once inside the cell it can reproduce & cause illnesses or diseases

27
Q

Two primary ways pathogens are spread

A

Airborne and blood borne

28
Q

Chain of commission for pathogens

A

Infectious agent (bacteria, virus) > reservoir > portal of exit> mode of transmission > portal of entry > another person

29
Q

Moving victims

A

Should only be moved if

  • the danger outweighs the risk of further injuring the victim
  • rescuer is unable to asses
30
Q

CPR

A

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

-artificially restoring and maintaining a victims breath and circulation

31
Q

Treat for shock

A
  • Control bleeding and other injuries
  • be alert for vomiting
  • maintain body temp.
  • place victim in positing to maintain blood flow
  • reassure and monitor victim
32
Q

Head injury

A

Do not apply direct pressure

  • prepare for vomit
  • treat for shock
  • do not elevate legs
  • if impaired objects to the head are obstructing airway attempt to remove and place dressing on both sides
33
Q

Types of chest and abdominal injuries

A

Blunt trauma
-blow to the chest that can cause fractured bones, damage to vital organs

-Penetrating objects (knives, bullets, glass)

  • Compression (striking a steering wheel)
    • blood loss
    • fractured bones, ruptured lungs
34
Q

Closed chest wounds

A

Flail chest: Occurs when the ribs and or sternum is fractured and a segment of the chest wall does not rise with the rest of the chest during respiration

  • same as Paradoxical breathing
  • place victim is recovery position on injured side
35
Q

Open chest wounds

A

Apply an occlusive dressing which is a non porous dressing (plastic bag) used to cover a wound and create an airtight seal

36
Q

Closed abdominal wounds

A
  • You can suspect a closed wound if victim is in a fetal position
  • rapid or shallow breathing
  • tender abdomen to the touch
  • treat for shock continue to monitor
37
Q

Open abdominal wounds

A

Apply sterile dressing to control bleeding

38
Q

Protruding Organs

A

Cover with moist sterile dressing and seal with an airtight bandage
*Do Not Attempt to replace or remove

39
Q

First degree burns

A

Damage to the outer most layer of the skin which is the epidermis (mild sunburn)

40
Q

Second degree burn

A

Damage done to the epidermis and the dermis which is the layer with hair follicles, nerves, and sweat glands.
-skin will be red and blistery

41
Q

Third degree burns

A

Damage done to the epidermis, dermis, and the fatty layer, including the muscle under the skin

  • most serious burn, skin may appear leathery
  • over burning will lead to hypothermia
42
Q

Most common type of burns

A 
Thermal 
-direct heat (fire, steam, hot object, fluid)
Chemical 
-acid 
Electrical 
-electrocution, lightening 
Radiation
-excessive exposure to radiation
43
Q

Indicators of Cardia emergency

A
  • chest pains
  • radiating pains
  • vital signs (difficulty breathing, abnormal pulse)
  • mental status (anxiety, short temper)
  • Other
44
Q

Treating cardiac emergencies

A
  • place victim in comfortable position

- keep victim calm and still

45
Q

Indicators of seizures

A
  • staring spells
  • tick like movements
  • lip smacking
  • urination on self
  • purposeless sounds and movements
  • eyes rolling upward
46
Q

Indicators of stroke

A 
CVA (cerebrovascular accident) 
Mental status( confusion, delirium)
Mobility 
       -paralysis on one side of body 
       -numb or weakness of a limb 
       -CONVULSIONS 
Vision (unequal pupil size, sensitive to light) 
Comm.(slurred speech)
47
Q

Diabetic Emergencies (insulin shock)

A

Insulin Shock (most common)

  • skin ( pale, moist, clammy)
  • normal breathing
  • mental status (hostile, fainting, seizure)
  • rapid pulse
48
Q

Diabetic Emergency (diabetic coma)

A
  • skin ( red, warm)
  • breathing (labored, sweet smell)
  • mental status (restlessness, confusion)
  • pulse (weak, rapid pulse)
  • dry mouth, thirsty, vomit
49
Q

Hypothermia

A

Occurs when the body’s temperature drops to the point where the body systems are affected

50
Q

Mild moderate hypothermia

A
  • violent shivering
  • numbness
  • fatigue
  • cold skin
  • confusion
51
Q

Severe hypothermia

A
  • lack of shivering
  • rigid muscles
  • slow weak pulse
  • blue grey skin
52
Q

Frostnip

A

Freezing of skins outer layer

53
Q

Frostbite

A

Freezing of skins tissue below skin surface

*do not rub or all refreezing after victim warms up

54
Q

Heat cramps

A

When the body loses too much salt due to prolonged perspiration
-painful muscle spasms usually in the legs or abdomen

55
Q

Heat exhaustion

A
  • profuse sweating
  • dizziness
  • rapid pulse
  • weakness
  • nausea and vomiting
56
Q

Heat stroke

A

Occurs when body temperature is abnormally high

  • a life threatening condition
  • red hot dry skin, possible seizure/unconsciousness
57
Q

Transporting pregnant women

A

Can be transported if in first stage of labor if

  • limb presentation
  • breech presentation
  • cord presentation
  • Delayed delivery
  • excessive bleeding
58
Q

Do not transport

A

If woman is in second stage of labor

  • contractions are les than 2 min apart
  • woman feels urgent need to bear down
  • crowing
  • amniotic sac has ruptured (water broke)

LDS (17 decks)

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