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Year 3 Medicine > Laz Paper 7 > Flashcards

Laz Paper 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the inheritance pattern of G6PD deficiency?

A

X linked recessive

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2
Q

What is the difference in the clinical presentations of Crohn’s and Ulcerative Colitis?

A

Patients tend to be completely fine between episodes of UC but fail to thrive in Crohn’s

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3
Q

What finger sign is present in IBD?

A

Clubbing

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4
Q

How does TCA overdose present?

A
  • Confusion
  • Dry mouth
  • Tachycardia
  • Drowsiness
  • Nausea and vomiting
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5
Q

Why would a Hodgekin’s lymphoma patient have scratch marks?

A

It can cause pruritis

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6
Q

What are the examination findings of Bronchiectasis?

A
  • Rust coloured sputum (large volumes)
  • Bilateral course crackles
  • Clubbing
  • Wheeze
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7
Q

What are the dermal manifestations of TB?

A
  • Erythema nodosum
  • Lupus vulgaris
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8
Q

What are the cardiac causes of clubbing?

A
  • Congenital cyanotic heart disease
  • Atrial myxoma
  • Tetrology of Fallot
  • Subacute bacterial endocarditis
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9
Q

What is the management of ruptured oesophageal varices?

A
  1. Resus and supportive care
    1. Terlipressin
  2. Blood transfusion
  3. Prophylactic antibiotics
  4. Blatchford score before endoscopy
  5. Endoscopy + endoscopic band ligation
  6. Balloon tamponade
  7. TIPS
  8. Calcaulate Rockwell score

Beta blockers used to prophylactically reduce the risk of bleeding

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10
Q

Which feature is typical of a subdural haematoma?

A

Fluctuating consciousness (is generally not a very acute presentation)

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11
Q

What is the time frame of a subdural haematoma?

A
  • <72 hours acute
  • 3-20 days subacute
  • >3 weeks chronic
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12
Q

What is the diagnostic investigation for subdural haematoma?

A

CT head

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13
Q

Which murmur is infective endocarditis associated with?

A

Tricuspid regurgitation (IVDU)

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14
Q

What are the infective causes of pulmonary cavitating lesions?

A
  • Staph aureus
  • Klebsiella
  • TB
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15
Q

What are the non-infectious causes of pulmonary cavitating lesions?

A
  • Squamous cell carcinoma
  • Wegner’s syndrome
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
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16
Q

Which infection is the most common cause of Guillan Barre syndrome?

A

Campylobacter Jejuni

17
Q

Which are the most common caustivie organisms of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

A
  • E.coli
  • Klebsiella
18
Q

What is the classic triad of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

A
  • Ascites
  • Abdominal pain
  • Fever
19
Q

What is the Keith-Wagener classification of hypertensive retinopathy?

A
  1. Silver wiring
  2. AV nipping
  3. Flame haemorrhages and cotton wool exudates
  4. Papilloedema
20
Q

What is carpel tunnel syndrome?

A

Compression of the median nerve leading to pain and numbness in the lateral aspect of the hand

21
Q

What type of anaemia is present in DIC?

A

Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA)

22
Q

What is the immediate management of PE?

A

High flow O2 and IV LMWH

23
Q

Which LFTs indicate alcoholic hepatitis over non-alcoholic?

A

An AST:ALT ratio >2

24
Q

What is the antibiotic treatment of Haemophilus Influenzae?

A

Cefuroxime

Also used for Neisseria Meningitidis

25
Q

What is the antbiotic management of hospital acquired pneumonias?

A

Tazobactam and Pipericillin

26
Q

What are the four histological subtypes of malignant melanoma?

A
  • Superficial spreading
    • Most common
    • From previously existing naevi
  • Nodular melanoma
    • Second most common
    • Vertical blue/ black growth
  • Acral lentiginous
    • Soles of the feet and palms
    • Brown flat macules
  • Lentigo maligna
    • Least common
    • Sun exposed skin
27
Q

What is the classic presentation of hiatus hernia?

A
  • Dysphagia
  • Painless regurgitation of food
  • GORD
28
Q

What is the best investigation to confirm hiatus hernia?

A

Barium swallow

29
Q

What is the most common surgical intervention for hiatus hernia?

A

Nissen fundoplication

30
Q

What are the indications for dialysis in AKI?

A
  • Refractory pulmonary oedema
  • Persistent hyperkalaemia
  • Severe metabolic acidosis
  • Uraemic complications
31
Q

What is the management of tension pneumothorax?

A

Wide boar cannula 2nd ICS

Year 3 Medicine (22 decks)

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