Latin Comprehensive Flashcards
List the ways you can use the helping verbs to translate past/inperfect:
was/were
used to
began to
kept on
Conjugate bam:
bam bamus
bas batis
bat bant
Conjugate and Define eram: (1P)
eram (I was) eramus
eras eratis
erat erant
Conjugate and Define poteram: (1P)
poteram (I was able) poteramus
poteras poteratis
poterat poterant
How to Conjugate Imperfect 1st-3rd Conjugation:
Take off ‘re’ and add endings
How to Conjugate Imperfect 3rd ‘io’ :
Take off ‘ere’
add ‘ie’
add endings
How to Conjugate Imperfect 4th:
Take off ‘ere’
add ‘e’
add endings
iter, iternis (N):
journey
iter facere:
to make a journey, to travel
identidem:
again and again
virga, virgae (F):
stick
rusticus, rustici (M):
peasant
septimus, septima, septimum:
seventh
quiesco, quiescere:
to rest, to keep quiet
tabellarius, tabellarii (M):
courier
civis, civis [gen pl. civium] (M/F):
citizen
praeclarus, praeclara, praeclarum:
distinguished, very famous
ā/ab [+abl]
from, away from
pars, partis [gen pl. partium] (F):
part
Quam…!:
How…!
ferociter:
fiercely
caveo, cavēre:
to watch out for, to beware, to be careful
vito, vitare
to avoid
concido, concidere:
to fall down
cuncti, cunctae:
all, all together
incolumis, incolumis, incolume:
safe, unharmed
gaudeo, gaudēre:
to be glad
quod: (with words of feeling)
that
cesso, cessare:
to be idle, to do nothing, to delay
extraho, extrahere:
to drag out
frustra:
in vain
culpa, culpae (F):
fault, blame
cisium, cisii (N):
light-two-wheeled carriage
interpello, interpellare:
to interrupt
moveo, movēre:
to move
placidē:
gentfully, peacefully
quod:
which
celerrimē:
very fast, fastest
noster, nostra, nostrum:
our
deverto, devertere:
to turn aside
periculum, periculi (N):
danger
ars, artis [gen pl artium] (F):
skill, art
ago, agere:
to drive
____BC Rome is founded
753
743BC-509BC, how many kings rule Rome?
7
Romulus is the 1st founder of Rome who crated…
laws
Romulus captures Sabine women to increase…
the population
Numa Pompilius is the __nd king of Rome that has the role of…
2nd, religion
Who was the 3rd king of Rome?
Tullus Hostilius
Tullus Hostilius developed the Roman _____, defeats and declares war on Alba Longa
military
how did Lucius Tarquinius Priscus obtain the throne?
fraud
Who kills Lucius?
the sons of Ancus Marcus
Who is the 4th King of Rome that built the Pons Sublicius?
Ancus Marcius
Who built the seaport of Rome at Ostia?
Ancus
Servius Tullius was a former slave, the __th king of Rome, developed Roman society, and had a daughter named Tullia
6th
Tullia murders her _____ and _______ and then marries Lucius
husband and sister
Who was the 7th king of Rome that murders servius?
Tarquinius Superbus
Tarquinius Superbus kills many senators, constructed _____ _____, the sewer of Rome
cloaca maxima
The Roman republic starts when?
509 BC
exspecto, exspectare:
to look out for, to await
longus, longa, longum:
long
diu:
for a long time
appareo,apparēre:
to appear
procul:
far off in the distance
nubes nubis (F): (gen PL nubium):
could
pulvis, pulveris (M):
dirt
plaustrum, plaustri (N):
wagon, cart
onus, oneris (N):
load, burden
tardus, tarda, tardum:
slow
ille, illa, illud:
that
praeterea:
besides
bos, bovis (M/F):
ox
fortasse:
perhaps
quattuor:
four
duo, duae, duo:
two
tantum:
only
praetereo, praeterire (irreg):
to go past
nonus, a , um:
ninth
taedet, taedēre:
it bores (impersonal)
aperrio, aperire:
to open
ludo, ludere:
to play (pila(long mark a) ludere - to play ball)
pila, pilae (F):
ball
excipio, expicpere:
to welcome, receive, catch
iocus, ioci (M):
joke
ferio, ferire:
to hit, to strike
verto, vertere:
to turn
carus, cara, carum:
dear, exensive
animus, animi (M):
mind, soul
apud (+acc):
among, with
relinquo, relinquere:
to leave behind
itaque:
and so, therefore
hospes, hospitis (M/F):
guest, host, friend
de (+abl):
about, concerning, down from
ut:
as
scio, scire:
to know
scio, scire:
to know
mortus, morta, mortum:
dead
undecimus, undecima, undecimum:
eleventh
caelum, caeli (N):
sky, heaven
advesperacit, advesperascere:
it gets dark (IMP)
aedificium, aedificii (N):
building
caupona, cauponae (F):
inn
perno, pernoctare:
to spend the night
caupo, cauponis (M):
innkeeper
periculosis, a, um:
dangerous
Graecus, a, um:
Greek
custudio, custudire:
to guard
pes, pedis (M):
foot
cum: (abl+):
with
latro, latrare:
to bark
vestigium, vestigii (N):
footprint, track, trace
immobilis, immobilis, immobile:
motionless
tunica, tunicae (F):
tunic
traho, trahere:
to drag
rogo, rogare:
to ask
vinea, vineae (F):
vinyard
fossa, fossae (F):
ditch
canis, canis (M/F):
dog
fero, ferre:
to bring, to carry
olfacio, olfacere:
to smell, to sniff
impedio, impedire:
to hinder
celo, celare:
to hide, to conceal
porta, portae (F):
gate
invenio, invenire:
to find
bonus, bona, bonum:
good
convoco, convocare:
to call together
musso, mussare:
to mutter
verbero, verberare:
to beat
ira, irae (F):
anger
nox, noctis (F):
night
illa’ nocte:
that night, on that night
effugio, effugere:
to run away
vilicus, vilici (M):
overseer, farm manager
dominus, domini (M):
master
absum, abesse:
to be absent, to be away
area, areae (F):
open space, threshing floor
plenus, plena, plenum:
full
quamquam:
although
quidam:
a certain
iacio, iacere:
to throw
paratus, parata, paratum:
prepared
raedarius, raedarii (M):
coachman
equus, equi (M):
horse
eo ipse tempore:
at that very moment
baculum, baculi (N):
stick
habeo, habēre:
to have
scelustus, scelesta, scelestum:
wicked
cras:
tomorrow
incito, incitare:
to urge, to spur on
raeda, raedae (F):
carriage
iter, itineris (N):
trip, journey
liberi, liberorum: (M):
children (PL)
soleo, solēre:
to be used to, to be accustomed to
ipse, ipsa, ipsum:
himself, herself, itself
sto, stare:
to stand
via, viae (F):
road, street
interea:
meanwhile
gero, gerere:
to wear
iubeo, iubēre:
to order
alius, alia, alium:
another, other
cista, cistae (F):
trunk, chest
pono, ponere:
to put, to place
mitto, mittere:
to send
promitto, promittere:
to promise
teneo, tenēre:
to hold
abeo, abire:
to go away
complexu:
in an embrace
festino, festinare:
to hurry, to hasten
nescio, nescire:
to not know
secundus, secunda, secundum:
second
hora, horae (F):
hour
lacrimo, lacrimare:
to cry, to weep
maneo, manēre:
to remain, to stay, to endure
Valē, Valēte!:
goodbye
mecum:
with me
miser, misera, miserum:
happy, poor, wretched, miserable
nobis:
to/for us (dat of nos)
discedo, discedere:
to go away
tuus, tua, tuum:
your (sg)
simul:
together
tacitē:
silently
tempto, temptare:
to try
seminsomnus, semisomna, semisomnum:
half-asleep
hic:
here, in this place
Tacē/Tacēte!:
Be quiet!; Be silent!
nam:
for
suus, sua, suum:
his/her/its own
nemo, neminis (M/F):
no one
nullus, nulla, nullum:
no one, not any
ianitor, ianitoris (M):
doorkeeper
ianua, ianuae (F):
door
deinde:
then, next
celeriter:
quickly
induo, induere:
to put on
iterum:
again, a second time
mihi:
to/for me
Age!/Agite!:
Come on!
vos:
you (pl)
nos:
we, us
excito, excitare:
to rouse, to wake (someone) up
intro, intrare:
to enter
cubiculum, cubiculi (N):
room, bedroom
Quos…?
Whom…? (pl)
epistula, epistulae (F):
letter
senator, senatoris (M):
senator
urbs, urbis (F):
city
revoco, revocare:
to call back, to recall
consulo, consulere:
to consuslt
redeo, redire:
to return, to go back
Eugepae!:
Hurry!
eo, ire:
to go
inquit:
he/she/it says (said)
meus, mea, meum:
my
duco, ducere:
to lead
trado, tradere:
to hand over
Eheu!:
Alas!
princeps, principis (M):
emperor
occupatus, occupata, occupatum:
busy
specto, spectare:
to see, to watch
nuntius, nuntii (M):
messenger
venio, venire:
to come
saluto, salutare:
to greet
Salvē!/Salvēte!:
Hello! Greetings!
lana, lanae (F):
wool
reprehendo, reprehendere:
to scold, to blame, to reprimand
doceo, docēre:
to teach
curo, curare:
to care for, to look after
nunc:
now
purgo, purgare:
to clean
cibus, cibi (M):
food
coquo, coquere:
to cook
coquo, coquere:
to cook
mox:
soon
strenuē:
strenously, hard
aqua, aquae (F):
water
etiam:
also, even
neque:
and..not
tamen:
however
ancilla, ancillae (F):
slave woman, maid
omnis, omnis, omne:
all, every
observo, observare:
to watch, to observe
lucet, lucēre:
it is light, it is day
nondum:
not yet
surgo, surgere:
to rise, to get up
per (prep + acc):
through
pater, patris (M):
father
mater, matris (F):
mother
sum, esse:
sum (I am) sumus
es estis
est sunt
in silva’:
in the woods
ad (prep+acc):
to/towards
prope (prep+acc):
near
ex arbore:
out of the tree
paro, parare:
to prepare, to get ready
in silvam:
into the woods
ē silva:
out of the woods
eum:
him
eos:
them
Quem…?
Whoom…?
ē/ex:
out of/from
salvus, salva, salvum:
safe
advenio, advenire:
to arrive, to reach
excipio, excipere:
to welcome, to expect
adhuc:
still
timeo, timēre:
to fear, to be afraid of
temarius, temaria, temarium:
rash, reckless, bold
ubi:
where, when
clamor, clamoris (M):
shout, shouting
peto, petere:
to look out for, to seek
arripio, arripere:
to snatch, to grab hold of
repello, repellere:
to drive off
lupus, lupi (M):
wolf
perterritus, perterrita, perterritum:
frightened, terrified
statim:
immediately
Ferte auxilium:
bring help!
vult:
he/she/it wishes/wants (volo/velle-to wish/want)
frigidus, frigida, frigidum:
cool, cold
erro, errare:
to wonder
volo, volle:
to wish to want
ignavus, ignava, ignavum:
cowardly, lazy
respondeo, respondēre:
to reply
neque..neque:
neither/nor
si:
if
dies, diei (M):
day
calidus, calida, calidum:
warm
silva, silvae (F):
forest, woods
ibi:
there, in that place
rivus, rivi (M):
stream
infirmus, infirma, infirmum:
weak, shaky
fragor, fragoris (M):
crash, noise
Qualis…?
What sort of…?
Quo…?:
Where to
femina, feminae (F):
woman
descendo, descendere:
to climb down, to come down
tu:
you (sg/sub)
nihil:
nothing
te:
you (sg/do)
Cave!/Cavete!:
Be careful!/Watch out for!/Beware!
ramus, rami (M):
branch
audio, audire:
to hear, to listen to
video, vidēre:
to see
vox, vocis (F):
voice
terreo, terrēre:
to frighten, to terrify
sollicitus, sollicta, sollicitum:
worried
tum:
at that moment, then
furtim:
stealthily
appropinquo, appropinquare:
to approach
ascendo, ascendere:
to climb
ascendit:
he/she/it climbs
magnus, magna, magnum:
big
magna vocē:
in a loud voice
semper:
always
vexo, vexare:
to annoy
igitur:
therefore
amo, amare:
to like, to love
dormio, dormire:
to sleep
conspicio, conspicere:
to catch sight of
gemit:
he/she/it groans
cadit:
he/she/it falls
Minime!:
No!
Ita vero!:
Yes! Indeed!
molestus, molesta, molestum:
annoying
subito:
suddenly
piscina, piscinae (F):
fishpond, pool
cado, cadere:
to fall
Abite molesti!:
go away you pests
gemo, gemere:
to groan
servus, servi (M):
slave
multus, multa, multum:
many
laboro, laborare:
to work, to suffer
solus, sola, solum:
alone
iratus, irata, iratum:
angry
in horto:
in the garden
hortus, horti (M):
garden
rideo, ridēre:
to laugh
rident:
they are laughing
vir, viri (M):
man
puer, pueri (M):
boy
qui:
who
eadem:
the same
clamo, clamare:
to shout
clamant:
they shout
defessus, defessa, defessum:
tired
non iam:
no longer
strenuus, strenua, strenuum:
active, energetic
curo, currere:
to run
tandem:
at last
ad villam rusticam:
toward the country house and farm
lente:
slowly
faciunt:
they are making
eius:
her
saepe:
often
ager, agri (M):
field
ambulo, ambulare:
to walk
tempus, temporis (N):
time
brevi tempore:
in a short tiime
quoque:
also
amica, amicae (F):
friend
hodie:
today
sed:
but
scribo, scribere:
to write
quis:
who?
cur:
why?
quid:
what?
facio, facere:
to make, to do
et:
and
lego, legere:
to read
vicina:
neighboring
dum:
while
alter, altera, alterum:
a second, another
laetus, laeta, laetum:
happy
quod:
because
arbor, arboris (F):
tree
sedeo, sedēre:
to sit
habito, habitare:
to live
etiam:
also
ubi:
where
aestate:
in summer
villa, villae (F):
country house
villa rustica (F):
country house and farm
Ecce!:
Look!
puella, puellae (F):
girl
nomen, nominis (N):
name
nomine:
by name, called
quae:
who
How 2nd Declension Neuter nouns appear?
um,i
2nd Declension Neuter:
um a i orum o is um a o is
3rd Declension Neuter:
— a
is um
i ibus
— a
e ibus
Conjugate nolo: (imperfect)
nolebam (I was not writing/wanting) nolebamus
nolebas nolebatis
nolebat nolebant
What does the 1st Conjugation start with?
are
What does the 2nd Conjugation start with?
ēre
What does the 3rd Conjugation start with?
ere
What does the 3rd ‘io’ Conjugations start with?
io, ere
What does the 4th Conjugation start with?
io, ire
conjugate nolo (pres):
nolo (I do not want) nolumus
non vis non vultis
non vult nolunt
volo, velle (to wish to want) (pres)
volo (I want) volumus
vis vultis
vult volunt
prepositions:
Prepositions Accusative Ablative ad (to, towards) ē/ex (out of, from) per (through) ā/ab (away from) prope (near) sub in (into) in (in/on) cum (with) de (about)
Who was the Goddess of wisdom?
Minerva
Who was the goddess of the hunt?
Diana
Who was the God of war?
Mars
Who was the queen of the gods?
Juno
Manus:
hand
what is the praenomen?
A name a Roman’s friends and family would call them
nomen:
the second of a Roman’s name/clan name
Who was the mother of Romulus and Remus?
Lavinia
When was Rome founded?
753 BC
What animal cared for Romulus and Remus?
she-welf
Sixth king of Rome and former slave:
Servus Tullius
This woman murdered her sister and husband to make her new husband king:
Tullia
This bridge was built across the Tiber River:
Pons Sublicius
The last king of Rome that was expelled by the people:
Tarquinius Superbus
A seaport of Rome at the Tiber River:
Ostia
cloaca maxima:
the main sewer of Rome
1st king of Rome:
Romulus
The fourth king of Rome:
Ancus Marcius
The second king of Rome:
Numa Pompilius
The Romans kidnapped these women for babies and:
Sabines
How to form imperatives:
Positive Sg: remove ‘re’
Positive Pl: remove ‘re’ and add ‘te’
Negative Sg: add ‘noli’ at the beginning
Negative Pl: add ‘nolite’ at the beginning
Romance Languages:
Spanish, Portuguese, French, Italian, and Romanian.
Helen:
the queen of Sparta
Homer:
Wrote the Iliad and Oddysey
Aeneas:
a Trojan hero whose descendants found Rome
Ulysses:
made the Trojan Horse
Virgil:
wrote the Aeneid
stola:
sleeveless, floor-length dress
toga virilis:
white toga worn by men
bulla:
locket worn by Roman boys
soleae:
sandals
toga praetexta:
toga with purple border worn by boys
Cornelius:
the father who has legal power over the family
Gracchi:
social reformers in the 2nd century BC
Publius Cornelius Sicipio Africanus:
the Roman general who defeated the Carthaginians in the 2nd Punic War
Eucleides:
Greek slave who teaches the children of the Cornelii family
Cornelia:
a famous Roman woman who was the mother of the Gracchi brothers
