Last stand of the 300

Question 1

What was the primary duty of Leonidas of Sparta

Answer 1

To stop the Persians at the Thermopylae pass

Question 2

Why were babies with defects left to die in Sparta

Answer 2

Sparta was a warrior society; essential that babies were healthy to grow strong and fight; parents had no say

Question 3

At what age dud Spartan boys begin training for the military

Answer 3

7-8; The age of reason; able to make decisions

Question 4

What three things were young Spartan boys taught to at an early age in Sparta

Answer 4

toughness, discipline, and military skills

Question 5

What was the purpose of whipping young spartan boys as part off their training

Answer 5

help them to learn how to ignore pain; not to pass out; more respected if you lasted longer

Question 6

At around what age do Spartan boys learn to train with swords

Answer 6

13

Question 7

As part of training boys had to kill a helot, but could not get caught, why?

Answer 7

had to be stealthy; learn evasion and secrecy

Question 8

Tatam e epitatis-

Answer 8

with this shiled or upon it

Question 9

“with this shield or upon it”

Answer 9

come head dead fighting, or come home with a victory

Question 10

In what ways were women renowned for their physical strength in Sparta?

Answer 10

learn to fight, workout

Question 11

what challenges did a spartan man face if trying to take a women by force

Answer 11

she can fight back; sometimes win

Question 12

According to a greek spy about how many persian soldiers were being assembled

Answer 12

300,000

Question 13

Where did the Greeks seek spiritual guidance or consolation of an oracle

Answer 13

Shrine or oracle at Delphi

Question 14

Why was Leonidas only allowed to select a force of 300

Answer 14

The elders of Sparta didn’t agree with this mission; had to have sons to continue name

Question 15

Make up of the persian army?

Answer 15

80% infantry 20 % cavalry

Question 16

Infantry

Answer 16

foot soldiers

Question 17

Cavalry

Answer 17

mounted soldiers; horses or vehicles

Question 18

in what way was the Ionian revolt a significant development in Greek history

Answer 18

brought athenains and spartans together

Question 19

What was the primary reason for DArius sending a fleet of 30,00 men across the Aegean to defeat Athens

Answer 19

becasue The Athenians burned saridus (whatever it is) to the ground; Darius wanted revenge

Question 20

Why did the Greeks choose to meet the Persians at a mountain pass (thermopylae)

Answer 20

Because it was narrow; the persinas could not use large force to their advantage; couldnt use cavalry

Question 21

What was the standard fighting formation of the Spartan army

Answer 21

Pahlinx

Question 22

Why were heavily armed infantrymen known as hplites

Answer 22

because they carried shields called hoplon; would draw designs on them

Question 23

Corinthian helmet

Answer 23

made out of one sheet of bronze
only had eye holes; hard to see
weighed 10 pounds
no ear holes
was effective

Question 24

Dory

Answer 24

6-9 ft spear; primary weapon

one side sharp the other blunt

Question 25

Xiphos

Answer 25

secondary weapon; lost spear or broken spear

sword 2-3 ft

Question 26

Themistocles

Answer 26

Athenian naval commander; somewhat credited for battle plane

responsible for holding off persian fleet at Artimesian straight; also for defeating them

Question 27

how did Thermistocles get his nsvy

Answer 27

lied to his people that they were going to be attacked by a nearby island; they believed him

Question 28

How did the greeks and persians sink eachotehrs ships

Answer 28

battering rams; made out of bronze

speed had to be “just right”

Question 29

Trireme

Answer 29

athenian warship, made of pine, light, for speed and ramming, powered by 170-2– oarsmen

Question 30

How are 200 PRsians warships lost teh day before they were supposed ot battle the Greek navy at Euboia

Answer 30

got caught in the storm and sank them

Question 31

WHy the persian spears innefective

Answer 31

made of wood; easily pierced by spartan dory’s

Question 32

How does Xerces find out about the mountain passs to use to surprise attack the Spartans

Answer 32

spy

Question 33

Why did Phocians, the greek force of 100 men assigned by Leonidas guard the mountain pass, rettreat

Answer 33

phoecians retreated to protect their families

Question 34

After Leonidas dies n battle, what does Xerces order of LEonidas body

Answer 34

put head on a stake

Question 35

HOw many spartans survived

Answer 35

0

Question 36

What does Xerces do to the city of athens

Answer 36

is burned

Question 37

In revenge for athens…

Answer 37

The greeks lure persians to Salamis to kill them

Question 38

The perrsian wars began an era of Greek?

Answer 38

Greek: 1. identifying themselves as Greeks, 2. fighting together

Question 39

THe legacy of the persian wars between persia and greece was significant because

Answer 39

it preserved democracy