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CFD Paramedic Course > Last minute TEST questions > Flashcards

Last minute TEST questions Flashcards

1
Q

At what BGL do you start to pee out glucose?

A

160-180mg/dL

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2
Q

You walk into a medical emergency and pt smells of ammonia. What do you think?

A

Ammonia. = piss. Think Diabetic type II (HHNC/HONK)

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3
Q

How do type II diabetes die from HONK?

A

Severe dehydration kills brain perfusion = neuron death

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4
Q

What does hyperlipidemia mean?

A

High fat content in your blood. Common in diabetics

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5
Q

Rx for hyperkalemia?

A

Calcium gluconate first.

Calcium chloride or Sodium Bicarb = lesser choices

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6
Q

When someone is in acidosis. Which way does the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve shift?

A

To the right (acidosis)

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7
Q

At what BGL do brain cells typically start to die?

A

< 18mg/dL

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8
Q

How to estimate ETT size in peds

A

Uncuffed (<8) = (Age/4) +4

Cuffed = (age/4) + 3.5

Or Age + 16 divided by 4

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9
Q

68 YOF CC: sudden onset SOB, hemoptysis, diaphoresis, tachy, crackles, JVD. What’s wrong?

A

PE

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10
Q

Farmer has muscle aches of chest & back after an insect bite. R arm is blanched w/ surrounding erythema. What insect?

A

Black widow

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11
Q

What antidote for acetaminophen OD?

A

Mucomyst

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12
Q

ASA OD antidote?

A

Activated charcoal within one hour of ingestion

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13
Q

CO poisoning fucks with which part of the Fick’s principle

A

External respiration: the CO takes the place of O2 through the alveoli

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14
Q

In a low angle rescue, how to move pt up or down an incline?

A

Simple hauling system to assist litter team in moving the litter

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15
Q

What determining factor for having a single rescuer perform an emergency move

A

Personal limitations

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16
Q

Lower GI bleeds originate from which part of the body?

A

Below Distal duodenum

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17
Q

What position to transport a cardiac pt?

A

Position of comfort (semifowlers > supine) to reduce work of breathing and stress

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18
Q

What transitions fetal circulation into postnatal circulation

A

Taking first breaths after birth

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19
Q

How does mom expel the placenta after delivery

A

Uterine contractions helps the placenta spontaneously cleave

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20
Q

Most common cause of traumatic maternal death

A

MVC

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21
Q

Burn of entire dermis and epidermis is what type?

A

Partial thickness. Full thickness = nerve damage

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22
Q

What vessel supplies the SA node in most pts

A

The RCA

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23
Q

In pregnant pts, HTN, proteinuria and excessive weight gain w/ edema = hallmark signs of what?

A

Pre-eclampsia

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24
Q

Proper ventilation rate for neonate

A

30-60 per min

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25
Q

What med is great for CHF exacerbation? Why?

A

Nitroglycerin = decrease preload and afterload

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26
Q

What VS dictates O2 treatment in a COVID pt?

A

NOT SPO2 (its always low despite Rx). Rely on mentation, cyanosis, resp rate

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27
Q

How many drops in a micro vs macro drip set? How many drops in a ML?

A

Macro = 10 drops

Micro = 60 drops

10drops in a mL

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28
Q

What key sign differentiates a GSW from other penetrating wounds?

A

Sub Q emphysema at the hole = GSW

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29
Q

Neonate has cyanosis in all four extremities during episodes of crying & feeding. What’s wrong?

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

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30
Q

What are lead I placements

A

Positive on L hand, Negative on R hand

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31
Q

What are lead II placements

A

Positive L leg, Negative R hand

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32
Q

What are lead III placements

A

Positive L leg, Negative L hand

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33
Q

What’s the common setting for PEEP

A

3-5cm water

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34
Q

Should you use CPAP for a PE?

A

No

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35
Q

Mom’s milk has what Ig… antibody

A

IgA

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36
Q

What are J waves and where would you see them?

A

Small humps after QRS seen in Pericarditis or Hypothermia

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37
Q

Biots vs Cheyenne stokes respirations

A

Biots = deep rapid breaths w/ short pauses

Cheyenne stokes = crescendo respirations w/ pauses

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38
Q

You note shark fins on ETCO2 of your intubated pt. What’s wrong?

A

Some sort of obstruction

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39
Q

Who shows up at a deposition?

A

Attorney, despondent, court reporter

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40
Q

What’s nystagmus

A

Twitching eyes

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41
Q

What are Cannon A waves

A

When Atria and Ventricles contract simultaneously = blood back up & JVD

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42
Q

How does the Amanita Phalloids (Death cap mushroom) affect the body?

A

Liver and Kidney death

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43
Q

What usually causes SVT in adults

A

PACs

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44
Q

Factitious vs Somatoform disorders

A

Factitious = wants to be sick

Somatoform = care a lot about health (hypochondriac)

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45
Q

What’s an atomic seizure

A

Flaccid no tone seizure

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46
Q

4 stages of a seizure

A

Prodromal, early ictal, ictal, post-ictal

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47
Q

What life saving interventions can you do w/ SALT triage?

A

Major hemorrhage control, open airway (kids), chest decompression

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48
Q

What SALT pts are “dead” tags (white)

A

No breathing

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49
Q

What’s the steps of salt triage?

A
  1. Walking wounded
  2. Breathing? (No = dead)
  3. CRAP (commands, resp distress, arterial bleed, peripheral pulse)
  4. No CRAP = yellow or green
  5. Yes CRAP = Red or black (red if likely)
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50
Q

Briefly name the divisions of the Nervous system

A

CNS & PNS

PNS = somatic + autonomic

Autonomic = sympathetic & parasympathetic

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51
Q

What headache type is very common. Dull/ squeezing Pain radiates back to front or both sides DT muscle contractions

A

Muscle tension headaches

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52
Q

Pt has an aura followed by throbbing/pulsating pain w/ photophobia, nausea, and need for quiet. What kind of headache is this?

A

Migraine

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53
Q

What typically causes migraine headaches

A

Changes in blood vessel size or instability in neuron clusters at base of brain.

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54
Q

What are Cluster headaches

A

Rare vascular headache w/ sharp pain on one side of face.

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55
Q

What are sinus headaches

A

Infection/inflammation in sinuses of the face = a lot of pain when leaning forward

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56
Q

HIV hasn’t seroconverted can infect you in which stage?

A

Window phase

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57
Q

Hx of MI, pt hypotensive w/ hemoptysis. Already gave nitro. What do you give?

A

Dopamine

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58
Q

Last period a week ago. Has fever and foul discharge

A

Gonorrhea

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59
Q

A child w/ sharp ab pain & nausea in an MVC x3days ago. Was wearing seat belt. What’s wrong?

A

Peritonitis

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60
Q

Most common cause of upper respiratory infections?

61
Q

Which is most likely to cause shark fin capnography

A

COPD (asthma)

62
Q

What change causes you to think she needs fluids. Steady BP but MAP of 50

A

70 is the lowest MAP to perfuse

63
Q

Red tag triage pt goes into cardiac arrest. What do you do?

A

Nothing. Give him a black tag.

64
Q

5 year old how much fluid is given?

65
Q

Pt who is bradycardic and confused (altered) what do you do first?

A

Atropine (rate)

66
Q

Guy bit on foot or leg by fire ants, what do you do first?

A

Remove him from source

67
Q

Lady w/ RUQ pain after eating. What’s wrong?

A

Gall stone (Colilith)

68
Q

2 year old kid w/ systemic response. What’s wrong?

A

Anaphylaxis

69
Q

What causes anaphylaxis

A

Basophils and mast cells

70
Q

Kid with epiglottitis, what do you do?

A

Transport in a position of comfort

71
Q

Which part of the heart does AVF look at?

A

Inferior part

72
Q

Main cause of cardiomegaly

73
Q

Ab pain at 34 weeks pregnant. What do you think?

A

Abruptio placenta

74
Q

Lady with hypothyroidism and unconscious. What endocrine issue?

A

Myxedema Coma

75
Q

What happens at the end of first stage of labor

A

Effacement

76
Q

Wife said husband has breathing meds. Husband has SOB. What do you do first? Albuterol was given by emt

A

2nd dose of albuterol, CPAP, O2, GET MORE Hx

77
Q

Asthma pt with breathing treatment that isn’t working. What do you do?

78
Q

What is the best way to secure an airway for a seizure pt?

79
Q

Pt breathing fast. What assessment will help decide whether you should intubate?

80
Q

Contraindication to Nasopharyngeal intubation

81
Q

CPAP contraindication

A

Low BP & Hx bariatric Surgery

82
Q

Pt is intubated & you only hear sounds on the R side. What do you do next?

A

Pull it back some centimeters

83
Q

Positional pain, recent infection, nonsensical ST elevation, pain goes away when leaning forward. What is it?

A

Pericarditis

84
Q

Wet lungs, hypotension, what is given next?

85
Q

How are kids after ROSC different from adults after ROSC

A

They have lower metabolic demands than adults & don’t benefit from hypothermic treatment.

86
Q

Pt hit on chest and has spongy area on chest. What do you suspect?

A

Flail chest

87
Q

Flail segment causes what physiological issue?

A

Ventilation-Perfusion mismatch

88
Q

Pt stabbed, bubbling, chest wound. What Rx?

A

Cover with gloved hand

89
Q

11 year old assaulted, refused treatment dad is there and is angry. What do you do?

A

Back out and call police

90
Q

Accident scene, and later posted online about how long the extrication took. What could you be in trouble for?

91
Q

22 year old, poorly controlled Diabetes. When baby is delivered, what do you monitor it for?

A

Hyperglycemia

92
Q

Someone with Wernickes syndrome. What is it caused by?

A

Alcoholism (lack of thiamine)

93
Q

Hx of hypertension, R leg tingles, pain in back. What’s wrong?

A

Dissecting aortic aneurysm

94
Q

Old guy golfing, syncopated episode, wet skin. What do you do?

A

Check glucose

95
Q

Kid took grandpa’s atenolol. What treatment?

96
Q

Woman assaulted, blood is bleeding through pants of crotch

A

Cover external genitals

97
Q

Pt brushed your hand away after you give a sternal rub. What GCS score for motor?

A

5 (localized pain)

98
Q

Pt w/ SVT, cardiac output will go down because…

A

Shorter ventricular diastole

99
Q

Main function of sodium-potassium pump

A

Sodium in, potassium out

100
Q

Slope of QRS would indicate what?

A

Delta wave (WPW)

101
Q

Where is ST elevation measured?

102
Q

Partner started CPR what do you do next?

A

2 min CPR. Intubate

103
Q

What kind of injury is it when they are thrown and hit something?

A

Tertiary blast injury

104
Q

Women given flumazenil becomes combative. What else do you give?

A

Benzodiazepine

105
Q

Pt out of dialysis and is dizzy and nauseous. What is the cause?

A

Hypocalcemia

106
Q

37 YOF in fetal position, abdominal pain, vomiting. What’s wrong?

107
Q

30 year old in rollover MVC, when arrived on the scene, pt is walking around and denies treatment. What do you do?

A

Tell him the MOA is serious and he should go get checked out

108
Q

The patients right to make medical decisions is called…

A

Personal autonomy

109
Q

Woman who’s weight is 150 lbs, what is the max dose of lidocaine

110
Q

Which is an office of the general public (NIMS question)

A

Not a part of the FLOPS (finance, Logistics, Operations, planning, Safety)

111
Q

What delivers the highest amount of oxygen

A

Nonrebreather

112
Q

Pt with an MI and O2 sat is 98%, what type of O2 device to use?

A

Nasal cannula

113
Q

Sexually active female, 6 months of pain, no vaginal discharge. What’s wrong?

A

Endometriosis

114
Q

Hyperventilation syndrome, what would their acid-base be?

A

Respiratory alkalosis

115
Q

8 month old kid, palpable mass in the belly and projectile vomiting. What is it?

A

Hepatosplenomegaly

116
Q

Pt with damage to face in MVC, unresponsive and apneic

A

Suction first then BVM

117
Q

What CPR/ventilation ratio for neonate

118
Q

EKG with ST elevation in V2-V5, hot dry skin, fever, history of infection

A

Pericarditis

119
Q

Best place to hear lower lobe lung sounds

A

Posterior chest

120
Q

Which congenital defect causes cyanosis in infants. What is it?

A

Tetralogy of fallot

121
Q

What chemical is responsible for methemoglobin

122
Q

Hot skin, sympathetic signs. What toxidrome poisoning?

A

Anticholinergic poisoning

123
Q

What tissue is responsible for the damage done in compartment syndrome

124
Q

Lady misses her dialysis appointment. Why would you give albuterol?

A

It helps w/ treating hyperkalemia (Tall peaked T-waves)

125
Q

Which drug is a tocolytic?

A

Terbutaline

126
Q

Dialysis pt has what problem with fluids?

A

Fluid overload

127
Q

Female in a fight w/ her husband has numb face and fingers. Why?

A

Hyperventilation = relative hypocalcemia

128
Q

Intubated pt has ETCO2 of 45. ROSC. All VS are good except ETCO2. What do you do?

A

Increase minute volume

129
Q

Girl with closed femur fracture became hypotensive. What do you do?

A

Tourniquet

130
Q

78 year old femal hypotensive, febrile, altered, fever. Whats wrong?

131
Q

Why do you give a pediatric, benzos in a seizure?

A

They’re the best way to stop seizures

132
Q

1 year old cardiac arrest in PEA, sunken fontanelles, what stage of shock is it?

A

Irreversible

133
Q

Infant, what is the earliest sign of hypovolemic shock

A

Tachycardia, tachypnea

134
Q

Man with cirrhosis of liver, fluid waves in belly, heart filaure with BP of 80/40. What Rx?

A

Fluid Bolus

135
Q

Full term pregnant woman in cardiac arrest and doing CPR, what do you do?

A

Displace uterus to left

136
Q

Alcoholic falls off barstool, head hurts, then later passes out. What’s wrong?

137
Q

A baby is delivered and cord pulls out part of uterus. What is this called?

A

Inverted uterus

138
Q

Delivery of baby, what is suctioned first?

139
Q

Belly bleed, what is the best position for transport?

A

Trendelenburg

140
Q

Pt who is ventilating fine and is cyanotic. What is happening physiologically?

A

Pulmonary shunting

141
Q

Asthma pt going down the tubes, what drugs do you give? You no longer her lung sounds.

142
Q

Most dangerous part about walking up to a car during an MVC

A

Airbag deployments

143
Q

ST elevation in lateral leads where will you see reciprocal depression?

A

Inferior leads (2, 3, AVF)

144
Q

Man in MVC with flail chest what is the proper way to ventilate?

A

Positive pressure ventilation

145
Q

What’s it called when a baby is delivered with the ass out first, both legs up still inside.

A

Frank breach

146
Q

ETT dose for adenosine for peds

A

0.04mg/kg (double the normal dose)

147
Q

What skin condition would you see in someone with measles

A

Koplik spots

148
Q

What’s the ETT dose of EPI for an adult

A

2-2.5mg ETT diluted with some saline

CFD Paramedic Course (12 decks)

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