Last minute

Question 1

The cell bodies of the UMN that form the descending motor pathways to the brainstem and spinal cord are known as the?

Answer 1

Layer V internal pyramidal layer of the cerebral cortex.

Question 2

Where do the UMN of the corticospinal tract dessecate?

Answer 2

Dessecates within the pyramids of the medulla to form the lateral corticospinal tract and the anterior cortico spinal tract.

NOT ALL DESSECATE, 10% CONTINUE AS THE ANTERIOR CORTCOSPINAL TRACT TO AXILA.

Question 3

Which side of the body do the corticospinal tracts control?

Answer 3

The contralateral side after passing through the medulary pyramids!

Question 4

Fasciculations and fibrulations are part of what motor neuron sign?

Answer 4

Part of a lower motor neuron sign.

Question 5

Broadmans area 3,1,2 refers to what?

Answer 5

Precentral gyrus home of the primary somatosensory cortex.

Question 6

What is the order of the cortcospinal pathway?

Answer 6

Cortex
Corona Radiata
Posterior limb of internal capsule
Basis Perduncle
Pons
Medulla (pyramid)

Question 7

What deficits are seen in a loss of the lenticulate artery?

Answer 7

Motor deficits in the contralateral side of the body.

Question 8

What blood supplies the basis pedunculi?

Answer 8

Posterior cerebral artery.

Question 9

Where is the corticotecto nuclei located and where does it travel?

Answer 9

Located in the occipital lobe and travels to occulomotor acessory nuclei and the superior colliculus.

Question 10

Where is the tectospinal tract nuclei located and what is its path.

Answer 10

Tectospinal tract is in the superior colliculi and travels to the upper cervical spine for reactive movment.

Question 11

The corticotectal tract has its origins in which bragman areas?

Answer 11

Visual association corted areas 18 and 19.

Question 12

Where does the rubrospinal nerve cross?

Answer 12

Crosses in the midbrain and then descends to upper spinal cord.

Question 13

What is the pathway for the corticoreticulo tract

Answer 13

From the motor cortex to the brainstem reticular formation (within the pins and medulla)

Question 14

Where does the medial reticulospinal tract flow?

Answer 14

Arises from the pontine nuclei that descends ipsilaterally to all spinal cord levels within the anterior faniculis.

Question 15

Where does the reticulospinal tract cross?

Answer 15

It never crosses!
Descends in anterior funiculus and synapses in the gray matter with interneurons and gamma neurons stimulating extensors and inhibiting flexors.

Question 16

What is the path of the lateral reticulospinal tract?

Answer 16

from the medulary nucleus and Descends ipsilaterally and inhibits the limb extensors!

Question 17

Medial vs lateral vestibulospinal tracts

Answer 17

Lateral - Excitatory to antigravity muscles terminating ipsilaterally at all levels.

Medial - Bi-lateral termination at cervical and upper
controls head movements.

Question 18

Lateral vs. Medial reticulospinal tracts

Answer 18

MEdial - ipsilateral descendance in anterior funiculus excitiatory to paravertebral limb extensors.

-Lateral - Inhibitory on paravertebral extensors.

Question 19

Polymyeltis affects which nerves?

Answer 19

Affects the LMN and will display LMN signs.

Viral infection.

Question 20

Combined systems disease?

Answer 20

Lack of B12
Degenerates dorsal funiculus (FG and FC)
and the
Lateral funiculus ( Motor fibers of the corticospinal tract) will display UMN signs.

Question 21

Brown Sequard syndrome?

Answer 21

Hemisection -
Loss of discriminative at and below ispilaterally.

Loss of pain and temp 2 segments below contralaterally.

oss of reflex ipsilaterally

UMN signs below level of lesion ipsilaterall

LMN signs at the level ipsilaterally.

Question 22

The nucleus ambigus serves which cranial nerves?

Answer 22

Serves cranial nerves 9 and 10 bilaterally.

Question 23

The acessory nucleus serves the acessory nerve from which side of body?

Answer 23

Serves ipsilaterally!

Question 24

Where do the motor fibers to CN 3,4,6 receive nervous information from?

Answer 24

DO NOT RECIVE CORTICONUCLEAR INNERVATION.

Nervous supply comes from frontal and parietal motor eye fields and make a stop in reticular formation that projects to these nuclei.

Question 25

What nervous system do the trigeminal corticonuclear fibers run with?

Answer 25

Runs with the corticospinal tract to the brainstem where t will terminate bilaterally in the pontine level next to V motor nucleus.

Question 26

The primary motor cortex area innervating the face is next to what other cortex?

Answer 26

The cortex that innervates the hand and tongue, thus a lesion to the umn of facial nerve also can present with deficits in the body on the same side.