last min tudors

Question 1

when was Breton crisis

Answer 1

1488-92 - Brittany

Question 2

what 3 truces did Henry vii make with foreign countries at the beginning of his reign

Answer 2

• 1485 france
  -1486 scotland (but king died 2 years later)
• habsburgs - 1487

Question 3

what did Medina del campo do for trade (2)

Answer 3

• equal trading rights for merchants
• fixed custom duties that favoured English merchants

Question 4

what was the aim of the navigation acts h7 passed, and when did he pass these

Answer 4

1485-86
- to break up the Hanseatic league and encourage English ships to carry goods rather than foreign ships
- eg. wines from France could only be transported with English ships

Question 5

what is a statistic that shows Henry vii improved trade

Answer 5

60% more cloth being exported by end of his reign

Question 6

when was intercursus Magnus

Answer 6

1496

Question 7

what is Eltons revolution thesis

Answer 7

revolution in govt under Cromwell
- old system of king and household replaced with departments of state

Question 8

2 examples of Eltons revolution thesis and how Cromwell revolutionised govt

Answer 8

privy council reduced from 100 to 20 with specific responsibilities

finances - new courts with separate functions
- court of first fruits and tenths 1540 and court of exequer

Question 9

what foreign policy did Wolsey use top advance himself

Answer 9

treaty of London 1518 - papal legate

Question 10

how did Wolsey not benefit himself or the king

Answer 10

• 1525 amicable grant - humiliated and took blame so Henry wasn’t
• issue of star chamber ,Ade him hated by nobility and his look into enclosure 1517
• his relationship with parliament damaged henrys ability to use it to fund foreign wars

Question 11

how did Elizabeth control inflation and what was the benefit of this

Answer 11

recoinage in 1561
it meant higher food prices were matched by higher wages in work

Question 12

what was the consequence of not paying poor tax (Elizabeth)

Answer 12

impriosonmemt

Question 13

how did Elizabeth control food shortage issue

when

Answer 13

death orders from 1586 so JPs had to take local surveys of grain when the harvest failed, to arrange for surpluses to be brought regularly to market, and to see that they were sold there in small quantities to the poor.

Question 14

impact of 1576 poor law act

Answer 14

those who couldn’t work at rate set by govt were whipped

Question 15

how did enclosure lead to poverty

Answer 15

led to depopulation and movement of young men to the towns and cities where they became wage dependent at a time of under-employment

Question 16

how did population growth in towns affect families

Answer 16

outbreaks of epidemics - death of breadwinner - poverty

Question 17

what were the two acts in 1533 and 1532 that started break with rome

Answer 17

act in restraint of annates and appeals

Question 18

why were the six articles pushed despite going back to Catholicism

Answer 18

• fp - needed catholic allies
• low influence of Cromwell and rising influence of conservatives - Howard family - duke of Norfolk largely responsible for getting it passed in parliament

Question 19

impact of six articles (and when was it)

Answer 19

1539
- two reforming bishops resigned - Latimer
- Cramner had to send his wife to Germany since clerical celibacy was to continue

Question 20

What were the insignificant protestant doctrinal changes by 1547 ? (3 points)

Answer 20

. 1547 Litany was made English rather than latin
2. 1536 Lords Prayer and 10 Commandments were made English
3. 1538 Proclamation rejected Purgatory

Question 21

What Catholic doctrine of the 1540s meant actual doctrinal changes were negligible? (2 points)

Answer 21

• King’s Book of 1543 entirely rejected the 10 Articles that had been based on the Wittenburg Articles (All 7 sacraments equal weight and no more justification by faith)
• Act of 6 Articles 1539 confirmed transubstantiation, private marriage, and banned marriage for those with vow of chastity.
• Primacy of catholic doctrine can be seen in its authority (6 articles had statutory authority and king’s book replaced 10 articles as official doctrinal statement of CofE.)

Question 22

aim of eltham ordinances

Answer 22

• Wolsey in 1526
• reduced government spending by reducing ministers
• done to increase Wolseys power

Question 23

what was the protestant council called in Scotland

Answer 23

lord of congregation led by James Stewart (Marys half brother)

Question 24

role of John knox

Answer 24

who founded the presbyterian church in Scotland

Question 25

what percent of English exports were cloth for Henry 7

Answer 25

90%

Question 26

what industries boomed during h7

Answer 26

cloth and wool

Question 27

how much did exports grow during h7

Answer 27

increase by 60%

Question 28

who were the lollards

Answer 28

declined since 1417 but believed English church were corrupt and wanted the bible in English, doubted transbustatiation, and the special status of priests

Question 29

opposite of catholic transubstantiation

Answer 29

consubstantiation

Question 30

purpose of church for h7

Answer 30

• maintained social order and control (obedience)
• provided social mobility (Wolsey)
• education - Henry acc valued this and ‘new men’ who were education not noble became important (Epson and Dudley)

Question 31

define enclosure

Answer 31

wealthy landowners fenced off common lands - usually for sheep farming

Question 32

what two rebellions were due to enclosure

Answer 32

ketts and western both 1449

Question 33

how did enclosure cause social unrest

Answer 33

displacement of rural population and villagers who did subsistence farming lost livelihoods and so had to migrate to towns and cities - led to growth of landless wc and social unrest

Question 34

acts against enclosure under Henry vii

Answer 34

1488 and 1489

Question 35

how many members in regency council

Answer 35

16 with Somerset as lord protector