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key info on history > key info on Eisenhower > Flashcards

key info on Eisenhower Flashcards

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1
Q

why did conservatives elect ike (5)

A
  • richard nixon as running mate
  • conservative economic stance
  • refused to criticise mccarthy
  • accused democracts as being soft on communism
  • supported state rights
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2
Q

what war did ike promise to end during election

A

korean

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3
Q

when was ike’s presidency

A

1953-61

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4
Q

what did he mean by dynamic conservatism

A

conservative when it comes to money, liberal when it comes to people

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5
Q

how much did trumans defence expenditure rise to during trumans presidency

A

300%

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6
Q

what did the 1958 national defence education act do (2)

A
  • low cost loans for college students
  • federal funds to improve scienve maths and foriegn languages (important during cold war)
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7
Q

what did truman set up for poor school kids that he continued

A

free lunches to poor kids

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8
Q

minimum wage raised from 75 cents to

A

$1

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9
Q

how many more americans had social secuirty coverage

A

10 mil

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10
Q

why did eisenhower establish the interstate highway system (4)

A
  • poor roads hampered military transportation (threat to national security)
  • number of cars on roads increasing
  • stimulated economy - created jobs (had slowed after K war)
  • only federal govt could solve this problem because states all disagreed on matter
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11
Q

how did eisenhower use nixon (4)

A
  • wanted to say above partisan politics so let nixon attack democracts
  • nixon had lots of congressional experience so was useful liasion to congress
  • had him do goodwill visits to foreign nations (toured latin america)
  • when he was ill had him perform presidential duties
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12
Q

how did eisenhower seem moderate republican

A
  • wanted to improve soviet american relations
  • estb NATO
  • foreign aid a good cold war investment
  • didnt dismantle new deal legislation
  • extended social secuirty
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13
Q

what was the bricker amendment and who favoured it

A

woudve restricted presidents powers to make treaties with foriegn nations but the democracts helped defeat it.
- 45/48 repubs supported this

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14
Q

why did eisenhower not stand up to mccarthy

A
  • thought it would demean his presidency and that he would eventually self destruct
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15
Q

what was low in 50s that grew consumer society

A

inflation and unemployment

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16
Q

what factors caused a growing economy

A
  • economic rivals such as germany were still rebuiliding economies after ww2
  • cheap oil
  • baby boom
  • building of suburban homes
  • groiwng use of cars stimulated service industry (maccies grew)
  • cars were now a show of status
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17
Q

how many cars manufactored in 1955 alone

A

7.9 mil

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18
Q

why did ppl criticise consumerism and materialism

A
  • undermines trad values of hard work and frugality
  • conformity and standardisation
  • selfishness
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19
Q

how many homes had televisons by 1960

A

90%

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20
Q

what did televisions have that furthered consumer society

A

adveritisements

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21
Q

example of suburb

A

Levittown

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22
Q

why was the ‘new look’ defence policy introduced

A

feared excessive defence expendityre would damage USA

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23
Q

what did new look defence policy rely on rather than

A

nuclear weapons and less upon conventional forces

24
Q

who was his sec of state

A

john dulles

25
Q

what did dulles say america would use if threatened by aggression

A

massive retaliation

26
Q

when did stalin die

A

1953 spring

27
Q

impact of stalins death

A

new leadership team seemed anxiosu to reduce tensions
- led eisenhower to offer deal but it was too cheeky (wanted free unified germany and independant eastern european nations)

28
Q

what did eisnehower suggest at geneva summit in 1955

A

‘open skies’ - monitor each others military build up
rejected by soviets

29
Q

what did number of american nuclear weapons rise to during his presidency

A

1,000 - 6,000

30
Q

when was sputnik launched into space vs the american one

A

1957
one year later in 58

31
Q

why did eisnehower establish NASA

A

american panic over soviets being better established in space than them

32
Q

what did the CIA help overthrow

A

Iran , Guatemalla and planned to do Cuba

33
Q

how did eisenhower spy on enemy military installations

A

used U-2 reconnaissance planes

34
Q

what was the u-2 incident

A

u-2 shot down - ike assumed self-detsurct was pressed so claimed it was metereological
soviets produced pilot and plane
heightened tensions and had to take responsibility right before paris summit

35
Q

when was u-2 incident

A

1960

36
Q

what did eisenhower refuse aid to despite promises of rollback communism

A

hunagry - they rebelled against soviets

37
Q

when did hungary rebel against soviets and communism

A

1956

38
Q

why was khru anxious in 1958

A

west refused diplomatic recongnition of east germany

west berlin became a centre of western espionage

39
Q

how did khrushchev demand west become a free city - what did he threaten to do

A

hand over access routes to west germany to east berlin

40
Q

how did ike respond to khru during berlin crisis

A

insisted he would always support west and that there was no crisis
- soviets went quiet - crisis passed

41
Q

why was vietnam temporarily divided into communist north and non communist south

A
  • geneva conference french agreed to exit veitnam due to being defeated
42
Q

why did eisenhower build up anti communist south vietnam

A

feared it would fall to communism and other south east asia would follow

43
Q

by 1961 how has eisenhower build up non communist south vietnam

A
  • gave diem nearly 7 bil in aid
  • 1,000 advisors on defeating communist insurgents
  • SEATO to protect south vietnam
44
Q

what islands did china bombard in 1954

A

Quemony and Matsu

45
Q

why did USA use CIA to stage a coup in Iran

A

PM seized control of british oul company so wanted a pro american shah to grant concessions to american oil companies

46
Q

what supreme court decision desegragated montgomery buses

A

1956 browder v gayle

47
Q

what organisation organised the bus boycott

A

NAACP

48
Q

where did the student sit ins begin in 1960

A

Woolworths white only lunch counter

49
Q

impact of sit ins

A
  • woolworth desegregated all counters in south by dec 1961
  • inpsired further desegregation in other areas
  • estb of SNCC
  • effectiveness of mass action
50
Q

why were many democrats becoming more liberal on race

A
  • pivotal in states such as new york
  • retarded souths economic growth - made it a backwards region
  • unlikley for af-ams to quietly accept discrimination for much longer
51
Q

what was eisenhowers biggest regret electing as supreme court and why

A

earl warren- brown v board of education passed due to him

52
Q

what did brown b board rule

A

even if equal facilities it was psychologically harmful to black children

53
Q

what death did eisenhower not comment on

A

Emmet Till

54
Q

impact of eisenhower not approving of brown ruling

A

didnt respond to states who ignored it in deep south - despit esaying he would back up any federal ruling

55
Q

impact of eisnehowers passing of two civil rights act

A
  • so diluted by democrats it did very little
  • brought only a few thousand extra voters

key info on history (8 decks)

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