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key info on history > Key info on Carter > Flashcards

Key info on Carter Flashcards

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1
Q

years of Carters presidency

A

1977-81

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2
Q

did Carter support the ERA

A

yes !

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3
Q

what mobilised large numbers of voters in the 1978 congressional election

A

national right to life committee estb by Catholic Church

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4
Q

when was concerned women for America estb and by who

A

1979
Beverly LaHaye

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5
Q

aim of concerned women for America
(was it popular)

A

opposed ERA and abortion
family focus rather than depriving men of employment
- by mid 80s had half a mil supporters

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6
Q

what was ruled constitutional by the Supreme Court in 1977

A

a 1976 law banning federal federal funding for abortion

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7
Q

why did Carter struggle to alleviate poverty

A
  • white flight exacerbating inner city poverty
  • federal expenditure on social security and health care rocketing
  • recessions were growing number below poverty line
  • homeless grew
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8
Q

why did Carter not do much to alleviate poverty

A

wanted spending restrained to balance federal budget

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9
Q

how many were estimated to be homeless in 1980

A

1 million

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10
Q

what was the cause of racial violence in Florida

A

af-ams blamed Carter for being unsupportive on social welfare programmes and busing
- suffered disproportionately during recessions

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11
Q

what happened in liberty city, Miami 1980

A

riot in black neighbourhoods with 16 dying and over 400 injured

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12
Q

what Supreme Court ruling in 1978 on affirmative action

A

Bakke v regents of the university of California

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13
Q

explain Bakke v regents of the university of California (+year)

A

1978
upheld affirmative action
- Bakke complained they were letting in minorities with lower grades than him

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14
Q

why did soviets become disillusioned with detente (3)

A
  • Carter criticised their human rights record
  • excluded them from Middle East peace process
  • too friendly with china
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15
Q

what was considered carter’s triumph in Middle East

A

detente with Egypt and Isreal

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16
Q

when was pro - American Shah overthrown by islamic fundamentalists

A

1979

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17
Q

how many American hostages did Iran students take

A

60

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18
Q

how did Carter negotiate the release of American hostages (3)

A
  • stopped US purchase of Iranian oil
  • forze iranian assets
  • attempted a poorly planned military rescue in April 1980
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19
Q

why did the military rescue of the hostages in April 1980 go badly

A

mechanical failures of helicopters being used
- 8 us servicemen dead

20
Q

impact of us hostages

A
  • ruined carters public image - contributed to him losing second term elections
  • Americans felt powerless and humiliated
21
Q

how did the situation in Afghanistan start

A

they were pro soviet but very divided so soviets invaded in 79 in support of the moderate faction

22
Q

why did soviets want to invade Afghanistan - how many troops there

A

they bordered Soviet Union and wanted to remain friendly
100,000 troops

23
Q

american response to soviet invasion of Afghanistan

A
  • rejected SALT II
    -stopped us exports to ussr and participation in Moscow olympics
  • increased defence expenditure and promised us intervention if soviets threatened western interest in Middle East
24
Q

result of busing

A

Bostons public schools went from 48,000 whites to 16,000 by 1987
6% of population moved tp suburbs to escape integrated schools in 70s

25
Q

how many af-ams were middle class by 1980

A

1/3

26
Q

what was the reason for rising af-ams being middle class

A
  • affirmative action in unis
  • EEOC pressure to decrease discrimination in hiring
  • affirmative actions where percentage of minority owned businesses ‘set aside’
27
Q

how did median household income show there was still not racial equality

A

in 1980 median black household income was only 60% of whites

28
Q

black infant mortality rate in 1980

A

remained twice that of whites

29
Q

what city elected a black mayor in 1979

A

Birmingham :)

30
Q

what helped to revolutionise black political status

A

voting rights act

31
Q

political issues for af-ams remained in 1980 such as (3)

A
  • black Americans still struggled to win statewide elections
  • 12% of population but 1% of elected officials
  • the 20 black Americans in house of reps represented majority black congressional districts
32
Q

position as a superpower by 1980: humiliated by:

A
  • Vietnam
  • iranian hostages
  • America being perceived as aggressive by other countries
  • soviet nuclear and naval parity and expansionism
33
Q

what percent of Americans saw their position as a super power becoming weaker

A

62%

34
Q

what percent of Americans considerd America in serious trouble

A

81%

35
Q

what had contributed to a federal budget deficit and inflation

A

vietnam war and welfare programmes

36
Q

what increased the cost of living

A

higher fuel costs made manufactured goods less competitive

37
Q

how many in Detroit were unemployed due to decrease in manufacturing

A

24%

38
Q

what nation was rivalling Americans car market

A

Japan

39
Q

why were Japanese cars more economical

A

they were smaller and more efficient due to high petrol prices whereas us cars were ‘gas guzzlers’

40
Q

what percent of Americans rates Carter a strong leader (presidential election 1980)

A

18%

41
Q

what percent of voters stayed home for the 1980 election

A

47%

42
Q

why did nearly half of the voters stay home

A

considered Carter uninspiring despite usually voting democrat

43
Q

‘great communicator’ in the 1980 election

A

Reagan came across as warm and optimistic
- he asked if Americans felt better off after 4 years with Carter

44
Q

why did social conservatives vote for Reagan

A
  • expressed disgust with protets, drug taking and sexual liberalisation. feminism etc
  • didn’t agree with women rights (era, abortion, unmarried mothers on welfare)
  • opposed supreme courts ruling against school prayer
  • criticised federal courts for not allowing creationism
45
Q

why were evangelical christians significant in the 1980 elections

A

estimated 5 mil who had never voted before voted for Reagan

key info on history (8 decks)

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