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key info on history > key info on Nixon > Flashcards

key info on Nixon Flashcards

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1
Q

nixon appealed to republicans because
(4)

A
  • a moderate (unlike goldwater who lost in 64)
  • staunch anti communist
  • vp so expereinced
  • appealed ‘middle america’ concerns
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2
Q

who did middle america usually vote for - and why did nixon appeal to them

A

democrat
- resented taxes subisidising undeserved poor
- drafted children never from wealthy families - they were always protesting
- wanted less govt and restoration of law and oredr

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3
Q

why did southern whites like nixon

A
  • southern strategy - slow down desegregation
  • supported states right in the distribution of federal funds
  • many social conservatives like him
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4
Q

who did spiro agnew attack

A
  • ghetto rioters
  • radicals
  • liberals
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5
Q

who was the nominee at the democrat convention party - what was the controversy of this

A

Hubert Humphrey
- had not entered a single primary unlike McCarthy who had won many

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6
Q

national secuirty advisor

A

Kissinger

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7
Q

who made up the ‘berlin wall’

A

haldeman - chief of staff-

Ehrlichmen - domestic affairs advisor

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8
Q

example of Mitchell, his attorney general, disregarding the law

A

approved wiretraps without court authorisation

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9
Q

what were nixons main election promises

A
  • peace with honour
  • conservative social policies
  • law and order
  • slowing desergregation
  • reducing expensive policies on poverty (great society)
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10
Q

what percent of americans believed too many families were getting welfare

A

84%

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11
Q

what meant that johnsons policies remained mainly intact

A
  • democrat controlled congress
  • nixons moderation and pragmatism
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12
Q

what did nixon do to try get welfare recipients to work

A

FAP - rejected by congress for being too controversial

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13
Q

how did nixon reduce social welfare

A
  • closed 59 job corps down
  • shrank office of economic opportuinty
  • cut federal funding for housing and youth prorgrammes
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14
Q

how did nixon go against his aim of restoring conservative social policies

A
  • increased federal expenditure on education, private health care and youth programmes
  • social secirty and medicare and medicaid
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15
Q

did nixon spend more on social policies than johnson

A

yes ! :)

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16
Q

what percent of americans disaporved of busing

A

80%

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17
Q

miliken v bradley

A

1974 ruling
halted busing in detroit area

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18
Q

years of nixons presidency

A

1969-74

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19
Q

how did nixon promote affirmitive action

A
  • federal contractors had to employ minority workers
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20
Q

district of columbia crime control act 1970

A

decrease crime in capital

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21
Q

largest ever anti war protest

A

moratorium - 1969

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22
Q

where were 4 students shot dead in a protest by the national guard

A

Kent State University

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23
Q

3 methods nixon used to decrease protestors

A
  • timed troop withdrawals from vietnam to forestall popular protest
  • adjusted then removed the draft
  • took protestors to court
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24
Q

how many protestors were taken to court in Washington in 1970

A

100,000

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25
Q

what was endangering americas trade

A

japanese and german products, often cheaper and often better

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26
Q

new economic policy (NEP) introduced in

A

1971

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27
Q

what was new economic policy (NEP)

A

wages and prices frozen and the dollar devalued
- helped stimulate exports

28
Q

cause of great inflation in 1973

A

devlauation of dollar in 1973 (after success of 1971)
abandonment of wage price controls

29
Q

why was energy an economic issue

A

energy deficit - consumed 33% of world oil production depsitre being only 6%

30
Q

OPEC oil embargo

A

nixon supported isreal in arab israeli war so led to embargo
- oil prices hiked to 387%

31
Q

3 methods to achieve peace with honour in vietnam

A
  • vietnamisation
  • getting USSR and China to press N/V to agree to peace
  • military pressure to force NV to agree
32
Q

why did he bomb Ho Chi Minh trail in 1969

A

to sever communist supply lines

33
Q

what showed the failure of Vietnamisation

A

Lam Son Offensive in Laos

34
Q

what did cambodian offensive achieve in 1970

A
  • very little
  • protests
35
Q

paris peace accords signed in what month and year

A

jan 1973

36
Q

how much money did nixon grant the CIA to destabilise Allendes govt

A

10 mil

37
Q

4 things to destabilise Chile Allende

A
  • CIA had 10 mil to destabilise govt
  • stopped all aid and influenced banks to halt loans to chile
  • funded Allendes chillean opponents
  • perhaps colluded in his overthrow by general Pinochet
38
Q

Operation Condor

A

Pinochet and other right wing dictators estb this
- these nations particupated in political assasinations and kidnapping and transferring of political refugees to their homelands

39
Q

nixon administration involvement in operation condor

A
  • financial, organisational and technological aid
40
Q

how many deaths was opereation condor repsonsible for

A

50,000

41
Q

why did they want detente (4)

A
  • appear as a peace loving statesman (elections in 1972)
  • ussr increasingly powerful
  • moscow could help force nv peace
  • arms race was expensive
42
Q

who was soviet leader

A

Brezhnev

43
Q

how did USSR and USA decrease tensions in germay

A

USSR. acknowledged Western access rights to W/B and West acknwoledged East Germany’s frontiers

44
Q

SALT 1972 meaning

A

strategic arms limitations treaty

45
Q

impact of SALT 1972

A
  • froze number of nuclear missiles
  • soviets still tested multople warheads in 1973
46
Q

who was winning arms race by 1972

A

soviets had more missiles but usa had more warheads on each of their missiles

47
Q

what year were the plumbers set up (white hosue special investigative untit)

A

1971

48
Q

what did the plumbers do to get info

A

stage break-ins etc

49
Q

examples of things CREEP did that were illegal/ wrong

A
  • illegal fundraising - maccies paid $200,000 for unauthorises cheeseburger price raise
  • unfairly discrediting democrat canditate
  • criminal surveillance - break ins
50
Q

what went wrong in the CREEP break in at watergate hotel (democrat headquarters)

A

security guard caught five burgulars and two co ordinators in another building were also arrested

51
Q

what was CREEP’s aim for the break in

A

find something to help or hinder nixons re election

52
Q

how did the FBI trace the arrests back to CREEP

A

laundered money on the plumbers to CREEP

53
Q

how did nixon obstruct justice

A
  • him and haldeman discussed using CIA to stop FBI investigation (CIA refused)
  • tried to buy burgulars silence
54
Q

when were the Burgulars found guilty (month and year)

A

jan 1973

55
Q

how long aftre burgulars arrest in jan 1973 did senate estb bipartisan committee on presidential campaign activities

A

a month

56
Q

what was the highest ranking watergate confessor

A

ex attorney General John Mitchell

57
Q

who did nixon try put the blame on

A

Ehrlichmen and Haldeman

58
Q

what happened in july 1973 (watergate)

A

aid revealed nixon secretly taped conversations in whitehouse

59
Q

what was revealed on one of the tapes in 1974

A

nixon had acc ordered the cover-up and conspired to obstruct justice

60
Q

three articles of impeachment on grounds of:

A
  • obstruction of justice (coverup)
  • abuse of power (authorising wiretapping etc)
  • abuse of congress (ignoring subpoenas issued by judiciary committee)
61
Q

what percent of americans favoured impeachment

A

66%

62
Q

when did he resign
(month and year)

A

August 1974

63
Q

why did he resign

A
  • too expensive to fight it
  • feared criminal prosecution
  • house judiciary committee promised him no further changes if he reisigned
  • democrats in majoirty in house and senate and lost support fo congressional repubs so would deffo be impeached
64
Q

what two people exposed watergate in washington post

A

Woodward and Bernstein

65
Q

3 impacts of watergate scandal

A
  • damanged repub party
  • cynicism and distrust of govt
  • damaged presidency

key info on history (8 decks)

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