Larynx Flashcards
What are the regions of the larynx? sensory innervation?
- Vestibule=near epiglottis
- Ventricle=Region of vocal cords
- Infraglottic: Inferior to the glottis
Sensory from CNX of superior laryngeal.
what are the 3 unpaired cartilages of the larynx? Paired?
- Unpaired= Thyroid, cricoid, epiglottic.
2. Paired= Arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform.
what is the thyroid cartilage made up of? Lies between what vertebrae? Connects to what?
- Hyaline cartilage.
- Lies between C4-C6
- Connects to hyoid bone via thyrohyoid membrane.
What is the laryngeal prominence, oblique line, and thyroid notch?
Prom=Adams apple
Line=Attachment for sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, and inferior constrictor mm.
Notch=Landmark for emergency airway.
What is cricoid cartilage made up of? Lies at what vertebral level? Special characteristics?
- Hyaline cartilage
- Lies at C6
- Completely encircles airway.
What is the epiglottic cartilage made up of? Shape? Purpose?
- Elastic cartilage
- Leaf shaped
- Protects the airway by opening and closing.
what is valecullae?
Area behind epiglottis where food can get stuck.
what is arytenoid cartilage made up of? Shape?
- Hyaline cartilage
- Pyramid shape, with base articulating with cricoid.
What is cuneiform cartilage made up of? Shape? location?
- Elastic cartilage.
- Club-shaped
- Suspended in fibroelastic membrane, aryepiglottic fold.
What is corniculate cartilage made up of? Shape? Location?
- Elastic cartilage
- Conical-shaped
- Lies in aryepiglottic fold.
What is the order from superior to inferior of the paired larynx cartilages?
- Cuniform
- Croniculate
- Arytenoid
What are the extrinsic laryngeal ligaments?
- Thyrohyoid membrane
- Median cricothyroid ligament
- Cricotracheal ligament.
Where are the vocal fold located in relation to each other?
False vocal cord or vestibular fold superior
True vocal cord or vocal fold inferior.
what are the rima? Locations?
- Rima vestibuli=larger Triangular opening between folds
2. Rima glottidis=Narrower triangular opening between folds.
what is laryngitis?
Inflammation of vocal cords.
What are the extrinsic muscles of the larynx and their actions?
- Suprahyoid=raises
- Stylopharyngeus=Raises
- Infrahyoid=Depresses
What are the actions and innervations off the cricothyroid muscle? Part of which muscle group?
A: Increases tension on vocal ligaments
N: Superior laryngeal of CNX
Intrinsic muscle of larynx
What are the actions and innervations of these muscles? Muscle group?
(Posterior cricoarytenoid, Lateral cricoarytenoid, Transverse arytenoid, Oblique arytenoid, Vocalis)
All Innervated by recurrent laryngeal n. (branch of CNX)
Intrinsic muscles of larynx.
- Posterior cricoarytenoid
- Opens (abducts) rima glottidis
- Maintain an airway through the larynx - Lateral cricoarytenoid
- Closes (adducts) rima glottidis - Transverse arytenoid
- Closes (adducts) rima glottidis - Oblique arytenoid
- Closes (adducts) rima glottidis - Vocalis
- Adjusts tension of vocal ligaments
What is the action and innervation of Aryepiglotticus, Thyroepiglotticus, Thyroarytenoid? Muscle group?
Innervated by recurrent laryngeal n. (branch of CNX, vagus).
Intrinsic muscles of larynx.
- Aryepiglotticus
- Helps close laryngopharyngeal opening - Thyroepiglotticus
- Helps close laryngopharyngeal opening - Thyroarytenoid
- Decreases tension of vocal ligaments
what commonly occurs with the piriform fossa?
common site for lodging of sharp ingested bodies.
What is the arterial supply of the larynx? (with origins)
- Superior laryngeal from ECA
2. Inferior laryngeal from inferior thyroid.
what is the venous drainage of the larynx? (Draining into..)
- Superior laryngeal to superior thyroid
2. Inferior laryngeal to inferior thyroid.
