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neuro exam 2 > larynx > Flashcards

larynx Flashcards

1
Q

general larynx

A 
respiratory and voice producing function
connects pharynx to trachea
prevents food getting into airways
CV3-6
cartilages, membranes, and mm
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2
Q

laryngeal aditus

A

sup opening from pharynx

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3
Q

vestible

A

area proximal to vestibular folds

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4
Q

vestibular folds

A

false

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5
Q

rima vestibuli

A

opening btwn vestibular folds

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6
Q

ventricle

A

btwn vestibular and vocal folds

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7
Q

rima glottidis

A

opening btwn vocal folds
shape varies depending on position of vocal folds
variation in tension and length of folds and width of rima produces changes in pitch

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8
Q

glottis

A

rima glottidis plus vocal folds

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9
Q

infraglottic cavity

A

distal to vocal folds

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10
Q

cricoid caritlage

A

CV6
site where carotid a can be compressed against CV6
jnx of larynx and traches
jnx of pharynx and esophagus

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11
Q

tracheotomy

A

incision btwn criocid cartilage and first tracheal cartilages
or bwn cricoid and thyroid caritlages thru criciothyroid lig

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12
Q

thyroid cartilage

A 
1
CV4,5
laminae(2) fuse ant and open post
sup horn attached to hyoid via lat thyrohyoid lig
inf horn articlates w/cricoid cart
laryngeal prominence (adams apple)
sup thyroid notch
oblique line
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13
Q

cricoid cartilage

A

1
CV6
immobile ring attached via membrane to 1st tracheal cartilage
ant arch
post lamina
articulates w/arytenoid and thyroid cartilages

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14
Q

arytenoid cartilages

A

2
lie perched atop post portion of cricoid cartilage
apex- attaches to aryepiglottic fold
vocal process- attaches to vocal lig
mm process- attaches to post and lat cricoarytenoid mm

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15
Q

epiglottic cartilage

A

1
leaf shaped elastic post to root of tongue
broad sup end free, inf attached to thyroid cart
mm of pharynx pull the thyroid cart against epiglottis during swallowing to prevent food from moving into larynx

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16
Q

ligaments attaches to epiglottis

A

thryoepiglottic
hyoepiglottic
aryepiglottic
glossoepiglottic

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17
Q

corniculate cartilage

A

2

lie atop apex of arytenoid cat

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18
Q

cuneiform

A

2

lie w/in aryepiglottic folds

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19
Q

laryngeal extrinsic ligaments

A

thyroid membrane
cricotracheal lig
hypepiglottic lig
glossoepiglottic lig

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20
Q

thyroid membrane

A

attaches hyoid bone to sup border of thyroid cartilage
thickened laterally - lat thyrohyoid lig
thickened medially- median thyrohyoid lig
pierced by internal laryngeal n and sup laryngeal a

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21
Q

cricotracheal lig

A

attaches cricoid to first tracheal cartilage

22
Q

intrinsic lig of larynx

A

quadrangular lig

cricovocal lig

23
Q

quadrangular lig

A

attaches ant to thyroid and epiglottic cartilages
attaches post to arytenoid cart
forms vestibular ligaments (covered in mucosa=vestibular folds)
forms aryepiglottic lig (covered in mucosa= aryepiglottic fold)

24
Q

cricovocal lig

A

attaches inf to cricoid cartilage
attaches sup to thryoid and arytenoid cartilages
thickened regions:
-median cricothyroid lig
-lat cricothyroid lig
-vocal lig extends from internal surface of thyroid lamina to vocal process of arytenoid, covered w/mucosa= vocal fold

25
Q

vocal folds

A

formed from mucosa overlying vocal lig and vocalis m

26
Q

vocal lig

A

innermost portion of circovocal lig, extends from thryoid cart to vocal process of arytenoid cart

27
Q

vocalis m

A

innermost portion of thyroarytenoid m

28
Q

vestibular folds

A

formed from mucosa overlying vestibular lig

covered w/highly vascularized mucosa, contains many mucus secreting gland

29
Q

joints of larynx

A

cricothyroid

cricoarytenoid

30
Q

cricothyroid joint

A

btwn cricoid cart and inf horn of thyroid cart
synovial, gliding
allows thyroid to glide on cricoid in order to change vocal cord length

31
Q

cricoarytenoid joint

A

btwn cricoid cart and arytenoid cart
synovial, gliding, rotational
allows arytenoid cart to rotate and glide toward each other

32
Q

rotation of arytenoid carts

A

to abduct (post cricoarytenoid)
and
adduct (lateral cricoarytenoid) vocal ligs

33
Q

gliding of arytenoids

A

to adduct vocal ligs to clode ria glottis (transverse and oblique artenoids)

34
Q

rotating thyroid cart on cricothryoid joint

A

to increase (Cricothyroid m) and decrease (thyroarutenoid m) tension on vocal ligs

35
Q

circothyroid m

A

tilts thyroid forward to elongate and tighten vocal lig

36
Q

transverse and oblique arytenoids

A

adduct arytenoid carts

close laryngeal inlet by approximating arytenoid carts

37
Q

post cricoarytenoid

A

abduct vocal folds to open rima glottis

38
Q

lateral cricoarytenoid

A

adduct vocal fold to close rima glottis

39
Q

thyroarytenois

A

rotates thyroid cart back to shorten and loosen vocal lig

40
Q

vocalis m

A

innermost portion of thyroarytenoid m
lateral to vocal lig
locally controls vocal lig produces minute adjustments

41
Q

innervation

A

external br of superior laryngeal n to cricothyroid

recurrent laryngeal all other mm

42
Q

internal laryngeal n

A

from superior from X
pierces thyrohyoid membrane
provides GVE-P and GVS to proximal true vocal folds
SVA to epiglottic region of tongue

43
Q

external laryngeal n

A

from superior from X

SVE to cricothyroid m

44
Q

cough refelx

A

mediated by X

objects in larynx stimulate superior laryngeal n and causes contraction of laryngeal m

45
Q

superior laryngeal n block

A

needle inserted bwn hyoid and sup thyroid cart

46
Q

inf laryngeal n

A

from recurrent laryngeal from X
enters larynx by passing inf to inf constrictor
GVEP and GVA distal to true vocal folds
SVE to all mm except cricothyroid

47
Q

aa of larynx

A

sup laryngeal a
cricothyroid a
inf laryngeal a

48
Q

sup laryngeal a

A

br of sup thyroid a
pierces thyrohyoid membrane
supplies larynx above true folds

49
Q

circothyroid a

A

br of sup thryroid a

supplies cricothyroid m

50
Q

inf laryngeal a

A

br of inf thyroid a

supplies larynx below true folds

51
Q

vv of larynx

A

sup laryngeal v to internal jugular

inf laryngeal v to left brachiocephalic

52
Q

lymp

A

above true folds -> sup deep cervical nodes

below true folds -> inf deep cervical nodes

neuro exam 2 (11 decks)

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