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neuro exam 2 > face, scalp, parotid > Flashcards

face, scalp, parotid Flashcards

1
Q

scalp

A

skin and CT covering neurocranium

extending from supraorbital margins of frontal to superior nuchal line of occipital bone

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2
Q

layers of scalp

A 
S- skin
C- CT dense contains vessels and nn
A- aponeurosis epicranius 
L- loose CT- allows free mvmt of scalp this is normally the plane of cleavage for injury
P- pericranium (periosteum)
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3
Q

spinal nn of scalp

A

greater occipital n (C2 ramus)
C3 (dorsal ramus)
lesser occipital n
great auricular n

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4
Q

CN of scalp

A

auriculotemporal br of V3
zygomaticotemporal br of V2
supraorbital br of V1
supratrochlear br of V1

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5
Q

arterial supply of scalp from external carotid

A

occipital a
posterior auricular a
superficial temporal a

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6
Q

arterial supply of scalp from internal carotid

A

supraorbital a

supratrochlear a

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7
Q

orbicularis oculi

A

orbital part- surrounds orbit and forcefully closes eye
palpebral part- w/in eyelid gently closes eye
lacrimal part- w/in medial corner of eye, assists w/lacrimal drainage

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8
Q

corrugator supercilli

A

draws eyebrows down and in

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9
Q

occipitofrontalis

A

frontal and occipital bellies attached by epicranial aponeurosis
frontal bellies- elevates eyebrows, wrinkles skin of forehead
occipital belly- retracts scalp, assists frontal belly in surprised expression

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10
Q

orbicularis oris

A

closes lips/mouth

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11
Q

buccinator

A

keeps cheeks in contact w/gums so that food does not accumulate in vestibule of mouth

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12
Q

levator labii superioris

A

elevates upper lip

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13
Q

levator anguil oris

A

elevates upper lip, widens mouth

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14
Q

zygomaticus major

A

elevates upper lip, main smile m

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15
Q

zygomaticus minor

A

elevates upper lip

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16
Q

risorius

A

stretches lips laterally, wide smile

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17
Q

levator

A

stretches lips laterally, wide smile

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18
Q

levator labii superioris aleque nasi

A

elevates upper lip, flares nostrils

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19
Q

depressor anguli oris

A

depresses lower lip, frown

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20
Q

depressor labii inferioris

A

depresses lower lip, frown, pout

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21
Q

mentalis

A

protudes lower lip

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22
Q

procerus

A

wrinkles skin over dorsum of nose

23
Q

nasalis

A

flares nostrils

24
Q

platysma

A

depresses mandible, tenses skin of lower face and neck

25
Q

facial nerve

A

SVE, component provides innervation to all mm of facial expression

26
Q

course of facial

A

exits brainstem
enters internal accoustic meatus
courses laterally btwn cochlea, semicircular canals after which it makes a bend posteriorly and inferiorly to then course along the post wall of middle ear
exits canal via stylomastoid formen

27
Q

br of facial n

A

posterior auricular n
diagastric
stylohyoid
temporofacial trunk (temporal br, zygomatic br, buccal brr)
cervicofacial trunk (buccal brr, marginal mandibular brr, cervical brr)

28
Q

V1

A

supplies embryonic frontonasal prominence

provides skin of forehead, upper eyelid, nose

29
Q

V2

A

supplies embryonic maxillary prominence

provides skin of temporal region, upper cheek and lip, lower eye lid, ala of nose

30
Q

brr of V1

A 
brr:
supratrochlear n
supraorbital n
infratrochlear n
external nasal n
31
Q

brr of V2

A

zygomaticotemporal
zygomaticofacial
infraorbital

32
Q

V3

A

provides embryonic mandibular prominence

provides skin of lower cheek, lower lip, and chin

33
Q

Brr of V3

A

auriculotemporal
buccal
mental

34
Q

great auricular n

A

C2,3

provides skin over angle of mandible

35
Q

trigmeninal neuralgia

A

sensory disorder of V, sudden excruciating facial pain, can become so severe that patients can become suicidal and depressed
the cause is believed to be demyelinating
V2>V3>V1

36
Q

buccal nerve block

A

enter via oral vestibule just post to 3rd mandibular molar

37
Q

herpes zoster infection

A

affects trigem ganglion usually affects V1 leading to scarring/ulceration of cornea

38
Q

facial a

A

br of external carotid w/in submandibular triangle
course through submandibular gland
arches over mandible just ant to masseter to enter face
takes toruous course to allow for mvmt of face

39
Q

brr of facial a

A

inferior labial a
superior labial a
lateral nasal a
angular a

40
Q

superficial temporal a

A 
br of external carotid
gives off
transverse facial a
frontal br
parietal br
41
Q

maxillary a

A 
br of external carotid
brr
infraoribital 
buccal a
mental a
42
Q

ophalmic a

A 
br of internal carotid
brr
supraorbital
supratrochlear
lacrimal
medial palpebral
dorsal nasal
43
Q

facial v

A

communicates w/deeper plexuses
pterygoid plexus via deep facial v
cavernous sinus via ophlamic vv

44
Q

lymp drainage

A

drain to submental, submandibular, and parotid nodes, to deep cervical along internal jugular

45
Q

parotid gland

A

largest salivary gland

lies posterolateral over madibular ramus

46
Q

parotid bed

A 
sup- zygomatic arch
medial- ramus of mandible, styloid process, and associated musculature
post- external ear
inf- mandible, post diagastric
ant- masseter
47
Q

parotid fascia

A

continuation of investing fasica

48
Q

parotid duct

A

crosses masseter, turns around ant border of mm and pierces the buccinator m and mucosa of cheek to enter oral cavity opposite 2nd upper molar tooth
infections can spread to parotid gland via duct

49
Q

important structures embedded w/in parotid duct

A

facial n
retromandibular n
external carotid a

50
Q

parasympathetics preganglionics to parotid

A

cell bodies in salivatory nucleus in brainstem
travel w/IX
exits at jugular foramen and give off tympanic
tympanic n enters middle ear via tympanic canaliculus
travels thru middle ear forms as lesser petrosal
lesser petrosal n enters thru hiatus for lesser petrosal and exits thru foramen ovale
synapses in otic ganglion

51
Q

parasympathetics postganglionics to parotid

A

cell bodies in otic ganglion
travel w/ auriculotemporal br of V3
secretomotor stimulates gland secretion

52
Q

sympathetics

A

T1-4
superior cervical ganglion
post fibers with external carotid n to parotid
vasomotor

53
Q

parotiditis

A

very painful
pain carried in auriculotemporal V3 and greater auricular n
pain refers to auricle, TMJ, and external acoustic meatus

54
Q

sialolith

A

calcified concretion that can sometimes form in parotid, can block duct, very painful

neuro exam 2 (11 decks)

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