Larry Jarrell busn 110, chapter 14 Flashcards
Four basic functions of management
–planning, organizing, leading, and controlling
determining organizational goals and action plans for how to achieve those goals
define planning
determining a structure for both individual jobs and the overall organization
define organizing
directing and motivating people to achieve organizational goals
define leading
Monitoring performance and making adjustments as needed
define controlling
Levels of management (3 things)
–top, middle, and first-line (supervisory) management
a person or group of people who directs and controls an organization at the highest level.
define top management
managers who supervise lower-level managers and report to the higher-level managers
define middle management
managers who directly supervise non management employees
define first-line (supervisory) management
Management skills needed (3 things)
–technical, human, and conceptual skills
expertise in a specific functional area or department
define technical skills
able to work effectively with and through other people in a range of different relationships
define human skills
able to grasp a big-picture view of the organization, the relationships among its various parts, and its fit in the broader competitive environment
define conceptual skills
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
–a motivation theory that suggests that human needs fall into a hierarchy and that as each need is met, people become more motivated to meet the next goal in the pyramid.
Theory X and Theory Y
–a motivation theory that suggests that management attitudes toward workers fall into two opposing categories based on management assumptions about worker capabilities and value
Expectancy theory
–a motivation theory that concerns the relationship among individual effort, individual performance, and individual reward
Equity theory
–a motivation theory that proposes that perceptions of fairness directly affect worker motivation
a process in which organizational leaders determine their vision for the future as well as identify their goals and objectives for the organization.
define strategic planning
more specific, shorter-term planning that applies strategic plans to specific functional areas
define tactical planning
very specific, short-term planning that applies tactical plans to daily, weekly, and monthly operations
define operational planning
planning for the unexpected events
define contingency planning
a strategic planning tool that helps management evaluate an organization in terms of internal strengths and weakness, and external opportunities and threats
define SWOT analysis
rely on one individual to make decisions and provide direction for the company
define centralized decision making
rely on a team environment at different levels in the business
define decentralized decision making
span of management; refers to the number of people a manager supervises
define span of control
organizations with a flexible structure that brings together specialists from different areas of the company to work on individual projects on a temporary basis
define matrix organizations
what are the three styles of leadership
autocratic, democratic, and free-rein leaders
they make the decisions without consulting their followers
define autocratic leaders
leaders that share power with their followers, they make the final decision, but they incorporate their followers ideas and concerns
define democratic leaders
leaders that give their followers all the tools they need to make a decision, but they allow the follower to make their own choice
define free-rein leaders
