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Monday-Rad Procedures > Large Intestines > Flashcards

Large Intestines Flashcards

1
Q

2 basic methods of filling
1.
2.

A
  1. Single contrast method

2. Double contrast method

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2
Q

Double contrast method may be performed by 2 different filling methods.

  • 2 stage double contrast method in which the colon is filled with __1__ contrast, the pt __2__ and returns to the table for insertion of __3__ to finish the exam.
  • Single state double contrast in which the colon is selectively filled with the __4__ and __5__ at the same time
A
  1. Barium
  2. Evacuates
  3. Air
  4. Barium
  5. Air
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3
Q

Barium will demonstrate the anatomy and __1__ of the colon. The air contrast will __2__ the bowel to better visualize the _3__ lining and the __4__ areas for lesions such as __5__.

A
  1. Tonus
  2. Distend
  3. Mucosal
  4. Intraluminal
  5. Polyps
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4
Q

If too much water is absorbed into the bowel this causes __1__.
If not enough is absorbed then it will result in __2__.

A
  1. Constipation

2. Diarrhea

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5
Q

Commercially prepared barium sulfate, finely divided barium particles that resist precipitation.

A

Colloidal preparations

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6
Q

Barium that contains some form of suspending or dispersing agent

A

Flocculation-resistant preparations

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7
Q

Newer barium, these products absorb a greater percentage of radiation, similar to old thick barium products. High density barium is particularly useful in double contrast studies to better coat the mucosal lining.

A

High-density barium sulfate

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8
Q

What is the most common gaseous medium used?

A

Air

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9
Q

This gaseous medium can be used, it is absorbed more quickly by the pt.

A

Carbon dioxide

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10
Q

When retrograde filling of the colon is to possible a soluble __1__ products are administered orally. The disadvantage of this is that __2__ often is insufficient for satisfactory double-contrast visualization of the __3__ pattern. Transit time from ingestion to colonic filling is __4__ hours.

A
  1. Iodinated
  2. Evacuation
  3. Mucosual
  4. 3-4
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11
Q

Iodine solutions are practically non-absorbable by the colon, therefore they do not __1__ and do not __2__ or __3__ the mucosal wall.

A
  1. Coat evenly
  2. Dry
  3. Flake
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12
Q

Prep of the Intestinal tract:

  • colon needs to be free of __1__ material so it does not mimic pathological __2__
  • exception to the total cleansing of the colon are those pts who have severe bleeding, excessive __3__, obstruction, or any other prep that may harm the pt.
  • May be performed under a “__4__” barium enema.
  • Usual prep consists of dietary restrictions and cleansing enemas.
A
  1. Fecal
  2. Polyps
  3. Diarrhea
  4. No prep
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13
Q

PA Projection (essential)

  1. _____ film
  2. Place pt in the _____
  3. CR perp and directed to level of _____ and MSP.
  4. Table may need to be adjusted in the _____ position to prevent overlapping loops of bowel
  5. _____ respiration
  6. If performing this position with a double contrast study, the transverse colon will sometime appear filled with barium due to its _____ location
A
  1. 14x17
  2. prone
  3. iliac crest
  4. Trendelenberg
  5. Suspend
  6. anterior
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14
Q

PA Axial Projection (not typically routine):

  • 14x17 lengthwise or __1__ lengthwise
  • pt in __2__ position
  • CR directed __3__ degrees __4__ at the level of __5__ and the MSP
  • __6__ area of the colon will be demonstrated.
A
  1. 12x14
  2. Prone
  3. 30-40
  4. caudal
  5. ASIS
  6. Rectosigmoid
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15
Q

PA obliques demonstrate flexure ______

A

Down

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16
Q

AP obliques demonstrate flexure ____

A

Up

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17
Q

PA oblique:
__1__ position, 14x17 lengthwise. Pt in __2__ position; adjust pts arms and les and roll onto __3__ hip with __4__ degrees of rotation. CR perp and directed __5__” lateral to the midline of the body on the elevated side at the level of the __6__. Demonstrates the right colic flexure __7__, ascending colon, sigmoid position.

A
  1. RAO
  2. Prone
  3. Right
  4. 35-45
  5. 1-2
  6. Iliac crest
  7. Open
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18
Q

PA LAO projection:
14x17 position, pt in the __1__ position, adjust pts arms and legs then roll onto the __2__ hip with __3__ degrees of rotation. CR perp and directed __4__” lateral to the midline of the body on the elevated side at the level of the iliac crest. Demonstrates the __5__ flexure open, descending colon.

A
  1. Prone
  2. Left
  3. 35-45
  4. 1-2
  5. Left colic
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19
Q

Lateral projection: (right or left)
__1__ lengthwise, place the pt in lateral __2__ position with their knees bent for support. CR perp an directed to the level of __3__ and the midcoronal plane. The rectum and the distal __4__ colon will be best demostrated.

A
  1. 12x14
  2. Recumbent
  3. ASIS
  4. Sigmoid
20
Q

AP projection:
14x17 lengthwise, pt in __1__ position, adjust the CR perp and directed to the level of the __2__ and MSP. The entire colon will be demonstrated (if done with a double contrast study, the __3__ may appear air filled due to its anterior location)

A
  1. Supine
  2. Iliac crest
  3. Transverse
21
Q

AP Axial Projection:
__1__ lengthwise, pt in __2__ position, CR to the level of __3__” below the __4__ and the MSP with a __5__ angle. The __6__ area of the colon is best demonstrated.

A
  1. 12x14
  2. Supine
  3. 2
  4. ASIS
  5. 30-40
  6. Rectosigmoid
22
Q

The side away from the IR is _____

A

Open

23
Q

AP Oblique Projection: LPO (same direction as RAO)
-14x17 lengthwise, place pt in __1__ position. Adjust pts right knee bent slightly and adjust their shoulders so that their body has it’s right side elevated __2__ degrees lateral to the midline o the side up. The open __3__ colic flexure and the __4__ colon will be best demostrated.

A
  1. Position
  2. 35-40
  3. Right
  4. Ascending
24
Q

AP Oblique Projection (RPO):
14x17 lengthwise, place pt in the supine position, adjust the pts __1__ knee bent slightly an adjust their shoulders so that their body has it’s left side elevated 35-45 degrees from the table. Adjust the CR perpendicular and to the level of the iliac crest and __2__ inches lateral to the __3__ of the side up. The open left __4__ and the descending colon will best demonstrated.

A
  1. Left
  2. 1-2
  3. Midline
  4. Colic flexure
25
Q

Right Lateral Decub: AP or PA

  • 14x17
  • adjust the pt on their right side with their legs flexed for support; pt will be on an elevated radiolucent sponge.
  • adjust CR horizontal @ level at __1__ and to MSP
  • place IR __2__ to pt
  • Side up will be demonstrated air filled and the down side will be filled with __3__
A
  1. Iliac crest
  2. Vertical
  3. Barium
26
Q

Left lateral Decub: AP or PA

  • 14x17
  • pt on their left side with legs flexed for support
  • horizontal CR @ crest
  • Vertical IR
  • side up will be filled with __1__
  • side down will be filled with __2__
A
  1. Air

2. Barium

27
Q

Lateral, right or left ventral Decub, X-table lateral:

  • Pt __1__
  • Pt on radiolucent sponge with either __2__ or __3__ side against the vertical IR
  • horizontal CR directed at __4__
  • This position best demonstrates the lateral projection of the barium filled __5__; best demo the “up” posterior portions of the colon; most valuable in __6__ studies
A
  1. Prone
  2. Right
  3. Left
  4. Iliac crest
  5. Colon
  6. Double contrast
28
Q

General term for a surgical procedure of firing an artificial opening in the intestines.

A

Enterostomy

29
Q

Colostomy, cecostomy, ileosomy, and jejunostomy are all other names or

A

Enters stormy

30
Q

Why is an air BE study preferred over a single contrast barium enema?

A

To distend the bowel lumen to better visualize the mucosal lining

31
Q

Barium is referred to as a ________ meaning that it will not ever totally mix and will not be absorbed by the body.

A

Suspension

32
Q

Three methods or cleansing the bowel in prep for a barium enema exam

A
  1. NPO/dietary restriction
  2. Laxative
  3. Cleansing enema
33
Q

Double contrast BE exams may be reformed by using 2 different methods for filling the colon with air and barium. Describe both.

A
  1. 2 stage. Tip pt, fill with barium, evacuate, tip again, fill with air
  2. Single stage. Tip pt one time, fill with barium and air.
34
Q

Proper breathing method that should be explained to the pt that will assist them throughout the barium enema procedure

A

Slow, deep breathing and insert tip on exhalation

35
Q

Preferred temp choice of barium?

A

41 degrees

36
Q

The ___ position is used when inserting tip?

A

Sims

37
Q

The ____ Method of filling the colon calls for Illini the colon with barium, emptying, and then filling with air

A

Welin

38
Q

Most anterior structure of the large intestines

A

Transverse colon

39
Q

External opening of lg intestines is the

A

Anus

40
Q

The pouches of the lg intestine are called

A

Hamstring

41
Q

When performing a routine barium enema exam, it is referred to as a _____ study

A

Retrograde

42
Q

The ____ position will best open and demonstrate the hepatic flexure

A

LPO

43
Q

When performing a left lateral decubitus radiograph of an air contrast BE, the ____ will be filled with air

A

Ascending colon

44
Q

The CR should be directed to the approx level of ____ for a PA projection BE follow-up radiograph

A

Iliac crest

45
Q

When performing an AP axial projection BE follow-up radiograph, the CR should be angled __1__ degrees __2__

A
  1. 30-40

2. Cephalic

Monday-Rad Procedures (14 decks)

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