Chapter Four Flashcards
Must include ______ to ______ when performing bone images
Joint to joint
When demonstrating lumps/bumps on structures use __1__. To indicate entrance or exit wounds, use __2__.
- Metallic BBs
- Arrows
Do you remove splints or wraps when doing a radiograph?
No, unless indicated on orders
When performing finger or toe exams be sure to _____ what digit has been imaged to avoid confusion.
Annotate
If multiple digits on the same extremity, you must _________
Radiograph each digit individually
MCP
Metacarpophalageal
PIP
Proximal interphalangeal
J
Joint
IP
Interphalangeal
General procedure for radio graphing digits 2-5
- Film size
- SID
- Projection
- 8x10 LW or CW
- 40”
- PA
When x-raying fingers 2-5
- Patient should sit ________
- Extend the digit and place ______ surface on IR, as flat as possible
- Center the _______ to the IR
- CR
- Collimation
- At end of table
- Palmer
- PIPJ
- Perpendicular to IR and directed to PIPJ
- Closely, tip of finger to head of metacarpal
Always __1__ orders and only perform the exam that has been ordered.
Check *if in doubt contact physician for verification
For a PA Oblique Projection (lateral rotation)
- seat patient where?
- place patients ______ on the table with hand pronated and palm resting on IR
- Center IR at level of _______
- rotate hand ______
- Digits seperated and at a ________ degree angle
- CR: perpendicular to IR directed to ______ of the affected digit
- at end of table
- forearm
- PIPJ
- externally
- 45
- PIPJ
Lateral Projection
Lateromedial or mediolateral
- seat patient at end of exam table
- most comfortable position for pt.
- extend digit to be radiographed, close the remaining digits into a __1__ and hold them with the __2__
- CR: perp to IR, directed to __3__ of affected digit
- fist
- thumb
- PIPJ
PA Projection Thumb:
-place hand in lateral position with ulnar or medial surface of IR
-place the __1__ portion of thumb parallel with the IR
-central ray perpendicular to the __2__
-magnification due to __3__
- Dorsal position
- MCPJ
- OID
Lateral projection (thumb)
Mediolateral
- place __1__ surface on IR (with natural __2__)
- keep long axis of part to the __3__ of IR
- CR perp to __4__
- Palmer
- Arch
- Long axis
- MCPJ
PA Oblique Projection (thumb)
- with thumb __1__ place palmer surface of IR
- ulnar __2__ the hand slightly
- long axis of thumb with __3__ of IR
- CR perpendicular to __4__
- Abducted
- Deviate
- Long axis
- MCPJ
When hand is palm down, the thumb is natrually ______
Oblique
“Routine Hand” is noramlly what view(s)?
- PA
- PA Oblique
- Fan Lateral
When doing hand radiographs, the SID should be __1__ on __2__ 8x10 cassettes __3__.
- 40”
- 3
- LW (portrait)
PA HAND
- This surface flat on the table
- long axis of hand with _______ of IR
- _____ centered to IR
- CR __(a)__ and centered to __(b)__
- Collimate ______ all around
- palm
- long axis
- MCPJ
- (A) perpendicular (B) 3rd MCPJ
- 1”
HAND
PA Oblique Projection
Lateral or External Rotation
- Rest pt’s arm on table with hand ______ with the palmer surface on IR
- Adjust obliquity of the hand so that the MCPJs form an angle of _____ with the plane of the IR
- CR perpendicular to IR centered at ____
- pronated
- 45 Degrees
- 3rd MCPJ
Medial=
Internal
Lateral=
External
Best way to remember lateromedial is _____ side up
thumb
Plueral form of phalanx
phalanges
There are how many phalanges in each hand?
14
There are how many phalanges in the thumb?
2
How many phalanges are in a finger (with the exception of the tumb)?
3
The joints between the fingers are called
interphalangeal joints
The thumb has how many interphalangeal joints?
1
Pronation
Palm down
Supination
Palm up
When doing a lateral finger, sometimes this can be seen on the profile
Fingernail
A. Distal phalanx (middle finger)
B. PIPJ
C. IPJ
D. Metcarpal of the middle finger
E. Scaphoid/Navicular
F. Radius
