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Monday-Rad Procedures > Fluroscopy: Upper Digestive System > Flashcards

Fluroscopy: Upper Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

__1__ shield pts when exam allows

A
  1. Always
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2
Q

Always ____ yourself and the radiologist

A

Introduce

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3
Q

Always ask about __1__; usually NPO since __2__.

A
  1. Prep

2. Midnight

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4
Q

Esophagus: approx __1__ long; extended from __2__ to __3__; joins stomach to approx T-11 LES (__4__)/ cardiac sphincter

A
  1. 10”
  2. C-6
  3. T-10
  4. Lower esophageal sphincter
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5
Q

Esophagus: AP or PA. CR perpendicular @ __1__ and mid-esophagus (__2__). Top of film at __3__; try not to rotate pt.

A
  1. MSP
  2. T5-6
  3. EAM
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6
Q

Oblique Esophagus: __1__ suggested with rotation of __2__ degrees, CR perpendicular to the __3__ and approx __4__ laterally from the __5__

A
  1. RAO
  2. 35-40
  3. Mid-esophagus
  4. 2”
  5. Vertebral column (toward the side up/left)
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7
Q

Lateral Esophagus: we do a __1__ lateral with arms forward and out of the way. __2__ perpendicular to the IR, CR perp to the IR at __3__ (T5-6) and down the __4__.

A
  1. right
  2. MCP
  3. Mid-esophagus
  4. MCP
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8
Q

Stomach:

Most superior portion an is posterior

A

Funds

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9
Q

Stomach:

Contains rugea; more medial border is called the lesser curvature and more lateral border is called the greater curvature.

A

Body

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10
Q

Stomach:

Inferior and more anterior portion. Pyloric sphincter will open into small bowel.

A

Pelorus

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11
Q

UGI: PA.

-pt __1__; MSP in line (arms up or down). CR perp to IR to the level of __2__ (L1-2)

**__3__ filled with air

A
  1. Prone
  2. Costophrenic Angle
  3. Fundus
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12
Q

UGI, AP:

  • pt __1__
  • CR perp to IR to level of __2__
  • __3__ filled with air
A
  1. Supine
  2. Costophrenic Angles
  3. Fundus
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13
Q

UGI-RAO:

  • opposite of a __1__
  • pt __2__
  • rotate __3__
  • CR perp to IR to the level of __4__ and midway from the vertebral column and lateral or elevated side of body (REMEMBER: stomach is on __5__ side)
  • *RAO-barium in __6__**
  • *LPO-barium in __7__**
A
  1. LPO
  2. Prone
  3. 40-70 degrees
  4. Costophrenic Angles
  5. Left
  6. Pyloric
  7. Fundus
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14
Q

UGI-LAO:

  • opposite of __1__, pt prone, rotate approx __2__.
  • CR perp to IR @ level of __3__ and midway from __4__ column and the elevated lateral border.
  • *You will be demonstrating an __5__ body of the stomach
A
  1. RPO
  2. 40-70
  3. Costophrenic Angle
  4. Vertebral
  5. Elongated
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15
Q

SBS: Total length of approx __1__ feet; extends from the __2__ to the __3__ (RLQ). Contains villi for increased surface area. Has three divisions; __4__, __5__, __6__.

A
  1. 22-23
  2. Pyloric sphincter
  3. Ileocecal valve
  4. Duodenum
  5. Jejunum
  6. Ileum
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16
Q

SBS: AP or PA

  • prone or __1__
  • CR perp to IR @ __2__ to __3__
  • *Entire __4__ on series.**
  • *Be accurate on time**
A
  1. Supine
  2. L2
  3. Iliac crest
  4. Small bowel
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17
Q

8-10 inches, “C” shaped

A

Duodenum

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18
Q

2/5 of lower small bowel, feathery appearance

A

Jejunum

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19
Q

3/5 of lower small bowel, ends at the terminal ileum or ileocecal valve into the large intestine

A

Ileum

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20
Q

The folds of the stomach are called the _____

A

Rugae

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21
Q

The most anterior part of the stomach

A

Pyloris

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22
Q

The right lateral position/projection of the stomach best demonstrates the stomach in the lateral position and the _____

A

Duodenal loop

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23
Q

The term for wavelike movement of food stuff through the digestive tract is ______

A

Peristalsis

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24
Q

Proper respiration for an esophagus radiograph

A

There is no respiration instructions because the pt will be drinking barium

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25
Q

Under normal circumstances the stomach will empty in _____

A

2-3 hours

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26
Q

What stomach position best demonstrates the duodenal bulb

A

PA oblique RAO or LPO

27
Q

What are some suggestions to make for quicker emptying/passing of barium through the bowel during a SBS?

A
  • talk about food
  • walk
  • lay on right side
28
Q

What is the best position/projection to demonstrate the esophagus without superimposition of the heart or spine?

A

RAO

29
Q

What is the degree of obliquity for stomach radiography?

A

40-70

30
Q

What is the degree of obliquity or esophagus radiograph and why?

A

35-40 because it gets it away from the spine

31
Q

Explain why a higherLV is necessary for demonstration of the alimentary canal…

A

B/c barium has a higher atomic number and it is harder to penetrate

32
Q

If a pt is lying supine, what portion of the stomach will contain barium?

A

Fundus

33
Q

The top of the IR should be placed at __1__ or BASW radiograph. This correlates to the CR being directed to what vertebral level? __2__

A
  1. EAM

2. T5-T6

34
Q

When barium studies of the upper intestinal tract are preformed, what are three ways that air may be introduced?

A
  1. Gas crystals
  2. Carbonated drink
  3. Drinking barium via straw
35
Q
  1. The CR should be directed at this vertebral level for a stomach radiograph?
  2. This is at the bony landmark of the ____
A
  1. L1-L2

2. Costal angle

36
Q

What body habitus requires a GREATER degree of obliquity for a stomach radiograph?

A

Hypersthenic

37
Q

How will the stomach be demonstrated or seen when the LAO position is performed?

A

Elongated

38
Q

List 2 things the Valsalva Maneuver may demonstrate during a BASW or UGI

A
  1. Esophageal varicies

2. GERD

39
Q

What muscle structure allows food stuff or barium to pass into the large intestine and indicates the completion of a SBS?

A

Ileocecal valve

40
Q

What is the purpose of air/gas being used during stomach studies?

A

Expand rugea

41
Q

If a pt is examined in the upright position air will be in the

A

Pyloris

42
Q

What is the term or examination of the small intestine by direct injection of barium under fluoroscopic guidance?

A

Enterocalysis

43
Q
  1. A pt is radiographed using AP projection, oblique position and the duodenal bulb is well demonstrated. Name specific position.
  2. Barium will be in the ___ for the above position
A
  1. LPO

2. Fundus

44
Q

What should the power respirations be for examination of the stomach, small bowel, or general abdominal cavity?

A

Suspend on exhalation

45
Q

Explain the anterior/posterior centering when performing a lateral stomach?

A

Centering to L1-L2 2” from MCP bisect mid coronal plane and anterior border of pt

46
Q

Failure of the smooth muscle of the alimentary canal to relax

A

Achalasia

47
Q

Inflammation of the appendix

A

Appendicitis

48
Q

Peptic ulcer of the lower esophagus, often with stricture

A

Barrett’s Esophagus

49
Q

Digestion and absorption takes place in this portion of the alimentary canal

A

Small Intestines

50
Q

Which position will demonstrate the entire duodenal loop?

A

Right lateral

51
Q

Which projection, PA or AP is PREFERRED when demonstrating the small intestines?

A

PA

52
Q

What is another name for the LES

A

Cardiac sphincter

53
Q

Why would barium not be he contrast of choice if a pt has a suspected perforation?

A

Body cannot absorb barium, if it is leaked into peritoneum it could be toxic

54
Q

What position will best demonstrate the duodenal bulb?

A

RAO

55
Q

The structure that allows passage of food/barium from the small intestines into the large intestines called the ______

A

Ileocecal valve

56
Q

What type of contrast should be used if there is a suspected perforation in the digestive tract and why?

A

Iodine, because body can absorb it if it leaks into the peritoneum due to perforation

57
Q

What is meant by the term “full column” or single contrast study of the esophagus?

A

Entire esophagus filled with barium/using BA only (no gas)

58
Q

List the proper prep for the following exams:

  1. BASW
  2. UGI
  3. SBS
A
  1. None
  2. NPO
  3. NPO
59
Q

What position may better demonstrate hiatal hernias?

A

Trendelenburg

60
Q

If a pt is positioned in an upright AP projection describe where the barium and air will be?

A

Barium-pylorus

Air-fundus

61
Q

Which section of the small bowel is the shortest

A

Duodenum

62
Q

Name three organs with ducts that enter/empty into the small bowel

A

Liver, gallbladder, pancreas

63
Q

What organ is part of both the respiratory and digestive systems?

A

Pharynx

Monday-Rad Procedures (14 decks)

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