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Humerus > Large Intestine/BE > Flashcards

Large Intestine/BE Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 basic methods for demonstration of the colon?

A
  1. Barium filled colon (single contrast)

2. Barium and air filled colon (double contrast)

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2
Q

Describe the 2 stage method for filling the colon with air and barium:

A

Tip the pt and fill colon with barium. The tip is then removed and the pt evacuates all barium out of their colon. The pt is then re-tipped and air is pumped into the colon.

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3
Q

What specific position will the pt likely be in for the tipping procedure prior to a BE?

A

Sim’s

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4
Q

List 3 basic ways to cleanse the colon prior to a BE examination:

A
  1. Enemas
  2. Dietary Restrictions
  3. Laxatives
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5
Q

When and why is it advantageous to use iodine based contrast for colon examinations?

A

When the patient has a suspected perforation in their colon. It is advantageous because if the contrast leaks out of the colon, the body will be able to absorb it.

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6
Q

When preparing the barium bag for a BE examination, the proper water temperature should be –1–. Why?

A

41 degrees. If it is 32 degrees it will be too cold for the pt, the barium has an Anestetic Effect on the colon, and it is hard for the pt to hold it in. If the barium is 98.6 degrees it is too hot and it could cause damage to the mucosal lining of he colon.

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7
Q

What 2 body positions will best demonstrate the hepatic flexure open?

A

LPO and RAO

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8
Q

The most anterior portion of the colon is the –1–.

A

Transverse Colon

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9
Q

Which of the following breathing methods will help the patient to remain relaxed during the BE examination and aide in tip retention?

A

Slow deep nasal and mouth breathing

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10
Q

During upright imaging of the colon the air will be in the –1–.

A

Transverse Colon

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11
Q

Transit time from ingestion to colonic filling is –1–.

A

3-4 hrs

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12
Q

The enema bag should be placed no higher than –1– inches above the level of the anus.

A

24 inches

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13
Q

Explain the importance of a clean colon for accurate examination.

A

Must have a cleansed colon for procedure so feces won’t be mistaken for polyps or lesions in the colon.

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14
Q

A barium enema exam is known as a –1– study.

A

Diagnostic

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15
Q

The proper Kv for barium studies should be –1–.

A

90-120 Kv

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16
Q

Explain the basic proper tipping procedure for a BE exam.

A

Place pt in Sim’s position, lubricate tip, lift butt cheek to expose anus. Tell the pt to take a slow deep breath in through their nose and then blow it out through their mouth. Insert tip anteriorly then superiorly (no more than 3-4 inches) when the pt blows out their breath.

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17
Q

For full recumbent abdominal images of the colon the CR should be directed to –1–.

A

Iliac crest

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18
Q

The PA axial projection will utilize a CR angle and direction of –1–.

A

30-40 degrees caudal

19
Q

The proper degree of obliquity for the BE exam is –1–.

A

35-45 degrees

20
Q

The rectum and distal sigmoid will best be demonstrated in the –1–.

A

Lateral

21
Q

The splenic flexure will be seen open in the –1– position.

A

LAO

22
Q

The CR should be directed to –1– for the AP axial projection.

A

2 inches below crest

23
Q

When performing the PA projection during a double contrast colon exam, –1– may appear in the transverse colon.

A

Barium

24
Q

The CR should be directed to –1– for a lateral position. The radiographer may also place the bottom of the IR where as a positioning aid?

A
  1. ASIS

2. The bottom of the film at the bottom of the butt cheek.

25
Q

Which position will best demonstrate the rectosimoid area of the colon?

A

AP axial

26
Q

When a left lateral decub position is performed barium will likely be seen best in what part of the colon?

A

Descending Colon

27
Q

What are the muscle bands of the colon that help create a puckered appearance?

A

Taenea Coli

28
Q

What is the general term for a surgical procedure that will form an artificial opening in the intestine?

A

Enterostomy

29
Q

What is the major roll of the radiographer during the fluoro portion of the BE procedure?

A

To help/assist the pt

30
Q

How should the CR centering be adjusted when doing upright imaging of he colon?

A

Center a little lower than the usual

31
Q

What must be included on all full abdominal images of the colon during a BE examination?

A

The whole colon from the top of the splenic flexure to the tip in the pt’s anus.

32
Q

It is okay to demonstrate the colon using multiple IRs when necessary.

A

True

33
Q

It is not important to question the pt about the colon prep and its success prior to the BE exam.

A

False

34
Q

Proper lubrication should always be used for rectal tipping.

A

True

35
Q

The radiographer should never forcibly insert a rectal tip.

A

True

36
Q

What is a benefit of using air as a contrast of colon demonstration?

A

Better visualization of the mucosal lining of the colon and it distends the bowel.

37
Q

The radiograph that is taken following the emptying of the colon is known as the –1–.

A

Post-evacuation radiograph

38
Q

What body habitus will likely need to utilize multiple IRs during colon examinations?

A

Hypersthenic

39
Q

Explain how to do a “flexure shot.”

A

Use a 10x12 film LW, put the top of the film in the pt’s axilla, and center off the midline a little to pt’s left for a splenic flexure shot. Do the splenic flexure shot more than hepatic because the splenic flexure is so high in the abdominal cavity.

40
Q

Barium is very dense and more difficult to penetrate than iodine contrast. What is the atomic number of barium that makes it this dense?

A

56

41
Q

Most BE bags have a capacity of –1– ml.

A

4000 ml

42
Q

The BE tip should not be inserted into the rectum more than –1– inches.

A

3-4 inches

43
Q

The medical term for a bowel movement is –1–.

A

Defacation

44
Q

A growth or mass protruding from a mucous membrane is called a –1–. This pathology is a major concern in colon studies.

A

Polyp

Humerus (25 decks)

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