All Knee Flashcards
List 3 method names that may be performed to demonstrate the intercondylar fossa of the femur/knee:
- Holmblad Method
- Camp- Coventry Method
- Beclere Method
State the 3 projections that are utilized for a routine patella series:
- PA
- Lateral
- Axial- Merchant, Sunrise, Sunset, Skyline
In what order should these projections be performed and why?
Lateral and PA first to rule out transverse fx
List 2 things that will be demonstrated on an axial patella image.
- verticle fx of the patella
- Articulating surfaces of the patellofemoral articulations
- Patella in profile
What method will demonstrate the majority of the patella without superimposing?
Kuchendorf (sp?)
The axial patella will demonstrate –1– fractures of the patella.
vertical
The lateral patella will demonstrate –1– fractures of the patella.
transverse
For a prone patient with their lower leg flexed 50 degrees up from the table and their foot resting on a support in order to demonstrate the intercondylar fossa, the CR angle should be –1–.
50 degrees caudal
When the AP medial oblique projection of the knee is performed the patella will be seen –1–?
over the medial femoral condyle-internal rotation
For proper positioning of all methods used to demonstrate the intercondylar fossa the CR should be –1–.
perpendicular to the lower leg
Beclere Method
E. flex knee joint 60 degrees
Camp Coventry
C. flex the knee joint 40 degrees
Holmblad
F. adjust femur forward 20 degrees
Settegast
B. hyperflex the knee joint
PA Patella
D. adjust intercondylar plane parallel to the IR
Lateral Patella
A. flex the knee joint 5-10 degrees
The AP upright projection weight bearing exam of the knee will require the CR to be placed –1–.
Horizontal
The above position/projection will demonstrate –1–.
tibiofemoral joint space narrowing
Fill in the proper CR angle for the patient size for the AP projection knees.
19 to 24 cm (avg. pelvis) –1–
greater than 24 cm (large pelvis) –2–
less than 19 cm (thin pelvis) –3–
- Perpendicular
- 3 degrees- 5 degrees cephalic
- 3 degrees- 5 degrees caudal
The inferior portion of the patella is the –1–.
Apex
The medial and lateral AP Oblique Projections of the knee require the leg be rotated –1– degrees.
45 degrees
The CR should be directed to –1– for the AP and AP Oblique projections of the knee.
1/2 inch inferior to patellar apex
The CR should be directed to –1– for the lateral projection knee.
the knee joint 1 inch distal to the medial epicondyle at an angle of 5-7 degrees cephalic
Which femoral condyle is lower?
Medial condyle- 7 to 5 degrees lower
How many degrees of flexion is required for the routine lateral knee?
20-30 degrees
What method for intercondylar fossa utilizes a curved or built up IR?
Beclere Method
When performing the axial/tangential projections of the patella, the CR will always be –1–.
Paralell to the patella
What is the primary purpose for performing the PA patella rather than the AP?
Less Mag
The term tangential means –1–.
skimming
When performing the AP projection knee radiographs, the CR should be –1– to the joint space and project the patella up and out of the joint space.
Parallel
Name 2 “layman’s terms” that may be seen on orders for the tangential axial patella.
sunrise or skyline
List the degree/angle that is formed between the following structures when performing the Holmblad Method.
- -1– degrees between femur and IR
- -2– degrees between femur and lower leg
- -3– degrees between CR and lower leg
- -4– degrees between CR and femur
- 70 degrees
- 110 degrees
- 90 degrees
- 20 degrees
How many degrees of flexion should be performed for the routine lateral patella and why?
5-10 degrees. You don’t want to flex the knee anymore than this because if there is a patellar fx, you may make it worse and cause more px for the patient.
The projection utilized for a lateral knee or patella should be –1–.
mediolateral
Define the term varus.
turned inward. “knock knees”
What is the method name for the standing flexion images of the knees?
Rosenberg Method
