Cervical

Question 1

The AP axial projection of the cervical spine will utilize a CR angulation of –1–.

Answer 1

15-20 degrees cephalic

Question 2

The dens is a structure of the –1–.

Answer 2

Axis

Question 3

When performing the Judd Method for the odontoid process, the –1– projection is utilized.

Answer 3

PA

Question 4

What cervical spine structure will be demonstrated when the patient is rotated 90 degrees?

Answer 4

Zygapophyseal joints

Question 5

An SID of –1– should be used for lateral projections of the cervical spine.

Answer 5

72”

Question 6

Explain why the correct SID discussed in question #5 should be utilized.

Answer 6

You are utilizing the air gap technique and it’s less patient dose.

Question 7

What line should be positioned perpendicular to the IR when performing the Fuchs Method for cervical spine?

Answer 7

Tip of chin to the mastoid processes

Question 8

The CR angle for PA projection oblique cervical radiographs should be –1– degrees –2–.

Answer 8

15-20 degrees caudal

Question 9

What position of the patient will best demonstrate the left intervertebral foramina when using a caudal CR angle?

Answer 9

LAO

Question 10

What 2 structures should ideally be superimposed when performing the AP projection open mouth position of the cervical spine?

Answer 10

Occlusal plane and the occipital bone of the skull

Question 11

The Method name for the recumbent “swimmers” position is –1–.

Answer 11

Pawlow

Question 12

When performing the AP axial projection of the cervical spine, the CR should be directed to –1–.

Answer 12

Thyroid Cartilage

Question 13

When performing the lateral with flexion, how will the spinous processes be demonstrated?

Answer 13

Widely separated from one another

Question 14

The Twining Method utilizes a CR angle of –1– if the patient’s remote shoulder cannot be adequately depressed.

Answer 14

5 degrees caudal

Question 15

The –1– Method will utilize an AP axial oblique projection/position in order to demonstrate the odontoid process and atlanto-axial space.

Answer 15

Kasabch

Question 16

When performing oblique positions of the cervical spine with the patient in an erect prone position, the foramen that is –1– the IR will be best demonstrated.

Answer 16

Closest to

Question 17

Why are flexion and extension views performed when doing lateral cervical spine studies?

Answer 17

We are checking to see the mobility of the cervical spine

Question 18

If an AP open mouth position is performed and the resulting image shows teeth over the atlanto-axial space, what positioning improvements should be made to improve the image?

Answer 18

The chin needs to be elevated more.

Question 19

Explain why the chin should be jutted up and forward when performing the oblique images of the cervical spine.

Answer 19

It moves the mandable (gonion) out of the way so the structures of the atlas and axis can be visualized.

Question 20

The “wagging jaw” or –1– Method is used to demonstrate –2–.

Answer 20

1. Othonello Method

2. All 7 of the cervical vertebrae

Question 21

According to Merrills, what line should be placed perpendicular to the IR when performing the AP cervical spine position/projection?

Answer 21

Occlusal Plane

Question 22

When should the Fuchs Method for the dens be performed?

Answer 22

When the dens is not fully visualized on the AP open mouth

Question 23

The –1– lateral projection/position if the cervical spine will show the intervertebral spaces widely separated from one another.

Answer 23

Extension

Question 24

What can be done to eliminate the tongue from obscuring the atlanto-axial space?

Answer 24

Phonate “ah” during the exposure

Question 25

The joint space between the cervical spine and the skull is called the --1--.

Answer 25

Atlanto-occipital joint space

Question 26

Where will the dens demonstrated when the Fuchs or Judd Methods are performed?

Answer 26

In the shadow of the Foramen Magnum

Question 27

This type of curvature is present in the cervical spine.

Answer 27

Lordotic

Question 28

T or F: All 7 cervical vertebrae will be demonstrated in the routine AP axial projection.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

T or F: According to Merrills the CR should be perpendicular to the IR if the Fuchs is properly positioned.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

T or F: The Ottonello Method is a form of autotomography.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

T or F: It is appropriate for the technologist to remove a cervical collar if the radiographs are cleared by the physician.

Answer 31

False

Question 32

How should the patient's arms be placed when performing lateral projection?

Answer 32

Down at their reaching for the ground

Question 33

When should a "swimmers" position be performed?

Answer 33

When the C7-T1 joint space is not visualized on a neutral lateral cervical

Question 34

Intervertebral foramen are best demonstrated when the --1-- position/projection is performed.

Answer 34

Oblique

Question 35

When performing AP axial oblique projections of the cervical spine on a patient who is lying on an exam table, the CR should be directed to C4 at an angle of --1--.

Answer 35

15-20 degrees cephalic

Question 36

When performing the Pawlow Method for cervical spine the adjacent arm should be --1--.

Answer 36

Elevated

Question 37

The patient should be rotated --1-- degrees when oblique positions are performed.

Answer 37

45 degrees

Question 38

When performing AP axial obliques, the --1-- that is --2-- will be best demonstrated.

Answer 38

Intervertebral formamen; furthest from the IR

Question 39

What structures need to be present on the Pawlow or Twining Methods when performed at Wheeling Hospital?

Answer 39

All anatomy from C1-T3

Question 40

When a patient can neither be erect nor rolled for oblique cervical radiographs due to a trauma situation an ETA must be utilized to obtain the oblique radiographs. What does ETA stand for and briefly describe what will be done to achieve this.

Answer 40

Eccentric Tube Angulation- angle the tube 45 degrees in necessary direction and angle the tube 15-20 degrees cephalic if pt is supine or 15-20 degrees caudal if patient is prone.

Question 41

The Kasabach Method utilizes a CR angle of --1-- degrees --2--.

Answer 41

1. 10-15 degrees | 2. caudal

Question 42

Whiplash may be demonstrated by using AP and PA axial projections to demonstrate the vertebral --1--.

Answer 42

Pillars

Question 43

What structures make up the intervertebral foramen?

Answer 43

Inferior and superior vertebral notches

Question 44

The posterior vertebral arch is formed by the --1--.

Answer 44

Lamina