Large Intestine

Question 1

what is the primary function of the large intestine

Answer 1

converts liquid contents of the ileum into semisolid feces by absorbing water

Question 2

synthesis of vitamins in the large intestine require what/

Answer 2

bacterial actions

Question 3

what are the parts of the large intestine?

Answer 3

1. ) cecum
2. ) appendix
3. ) colon
4. ) rectum and anal canal

Question 4

what are the 4 parts of the colon?

Answer 4

1. ) ascending colon
2. ) transverse colon
3. ) descending colon
4. ) sigmoid colon

Question 5

what prevents back flow from the large intestine back into the small intestine?

Answer 5

lleal folds

Question 6

what is the most common position of the appendix?

Answer 6

retrocecal

Question 7

the second most common position of the appendix is where?

Answer 7

pelvic

Question 8

what are the symptoms of appendicitis?

Answer 8

umbilical pain which then localizes to the Right lower quadrant

Question 9

What can cause appendicitis by causing an obstruction to the lumen?

Answer 9

1. ) lymphoid hyperplasia

2. ) fecal impaction

Question 10

T/F there is high adjusting force in active appendicitis?

Answer 10

FALSE

Question 11

what parts of the colon are retroperitoneal?

Answer 11

the ascending and descending colon

Question 12

are the transverse and sigmoid colon lutraperitoneal or retroperitoneal?

Answer 12

lutraperitoneal

Question 13

what are haustra?

Answer 13

sacculations or outpouches of the colon

Question 14

T/F omental appendices lead to appendicitis?

Answer 14

false, omental appendices are small masses of fat, which extend from the colon

Question 15

what are taeniae coli?

Answer 15

narrow strips of muscle seen prominently in the cecum and ascending colon

Question 16

what are diverticulosis?

Answer 16

herniations of the mucosa of the colon thru the muscular layer without inflammation

Question 17

what age group is most likely to see diverticulosis?

Answer 17

age 40

Question 18

where does diverticulosis occur?

Answer 18

sigmoid colon

Question 19

what is cause of getting diverticulitis?

Answer 19

low fiber diet

Question 20

how can diverticulitis be treated?

Answer 20

with laser endoscopy

Question 21

T/F with radiographically it only has one outpouching?

Answer 21

False, that would be Meckel’s diverticulum. Diverticulitis would show up as many out pouchings

Question 22

what is a severs inflammation and ulceration of the rectum and lower colon?

Answer 22

Ulcerative colitis

Question 23

what appears constricted on a radiograph?

Answer 23

ulcerative coloitis

Question 24

ulcerative colitis cause pain where?

Answer 24

in the abdomen and it also causes diarrhea

Question 25

what causes Irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer 25

it is unknown, but symptoms are brought on by stress and anxiety

Question 26

what is a common condition involving recurrent abdominal pain and diarrhea with little or no inflammation or deteriation of health?

Answer 26

irriatable bowel syndrome

Question 27

what is the main blood supply to the small and large intestines?

Answer 27

1. ) superior mesenteric artery
2. ) inferior mesenteric artery
3. ) marginal artery
4. ) vasa recta

Question 28

what are the branches of the superior mesenteric artery?

Answer 28

1. ) inferior pancreaticoduodenal
2. ) jejunal and ileal arteries
3. ) ileocolic
4. ) right colic
5. ) middle colic

Question 29

where does the superior mesenteric artey arise from?

Answer 29

the abdominal artery just below the celiac trunk

Question 30

where does the inferior mesenteric artery arise from?

Answer 30

lower part of the abdominal aorta

Question 31

what are the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery?

Answer 31

1. ) left colic
2. ) sigmoid
3. ) superior rectal

Question 32

what artery allows anastomotic channels in the intestines?

Answer 32

the marginal artery

Question 33

what branches empty into the marginal artery?

Answer 33

all the branches of the superior and inferior mesenteric

Question 34

what is the innervation of the large intestine?

Answer 34

cecum to the right 2/3 of the transverse colon is the superior mesenteric plexus and the left 1/3 of the transverse colon to the rectum is the inferior mesenteric plexus and the hypogastric

Question 35

what is chronic constipation associated with?

Answer 35

an increased risk of hiatal herni, inguinal hernia, and diverticulitis, colon cancer