Large Intestine Flashcards
what is the primary function of the large intestine
converts liquid contents of the ileum into semisolid feces by absorbing water
synthesis of vitamins in the large intestine require what/
bacterial actions
what are the parts of the large intestine?
- ) cecum
- ) appendix
- ) colon
- ) rectum and anal canal
what are the 4 parts of the colon?
- ) ascending colon
- ) transverse colon
- ) descending colon
- ) sigmoid colon
what prevents back flow from the large intestine back into the small intestine?
lleal folds
what is the most common position of the appendix?
retrocecal
the second most common position of the appendix is where?
pelvic
what are the symptoms of appendicitis?
umbilical pain which then localizes to the Right lower quadrant
What can cause appendicitis by causing an obstruction to the lumen?
- ) lymphoid hyperplasia
2. ) fecal impaction
T/F there is high adjusting force in active appendicitis?
FALSE
what parts of the colon are retroperitoneal?
the ascending and descending colon
are the transverse and sigmoid colon lutraperitoneal or retroperitoneal?
lutraperitoneal
what are haustra?
sacculations or outpouches of the colon
T/F omental appendices lead to appendicitis?
false, omental appendices are small masses of fat, which extend from the colon
what are taeniae coli?
narrow strips of muscle seen prominently in the cecum and ascending colon
what are diverticulosis?
herniations of the mucosa of the colon thru the muscular layer without inflammation
what age group is most likely to see diverticulosis?
age 40
where does diverticulosis occur?
sigmoid colon
what is cause of getting diverticulitis?
low fiber diet
how can diverticulitis be treated?
with laser endoscopy
T/F with radiographically it only has one outpouching?
False, that would be Meckel’s diverticulum. Diverticulitis would show up as many out pouchings
what is a severs inflammation and ulceration of the rectum and lower colon?
Ulcerative colitis
what appears constricted on a radiograph?
ulcerative coloitis
ulcerative colitis cause pain where?
in the abdomen and it also causes diarrhea
what causes Irritable bowel syndrome?
it is unknown, but symptoms are brought on by stress and anxiety
what is a common condition involving recurrent abdominal pain and diarrhea with little or no inflammation or deteriation of health?
irriatable bowel syndrome
what is the main blood supply to the small and large intestines?
- ) superior mesenteric artery
- ) inferior mesenteric artery
- ) marginal artery
- ) vasa recta
what are the branches of the superior mesenteric artery?
- ) inferior pancreaticoduodenal
- ) jejunal and ileal arteries
- ) ileocolic
- ) right colic
- ) middle colic
where does the superior mesenteric artey arise from?
the abdominal artery just below the celiac trunk
where does the inferior mesenteric artery arise from?
lower part of the abdominal aorta
what are the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery?
- ) left colic
- ) sigmoid
- ) superior rectal
what artery allows anastomotic channels in the intestines?
the marginal artery
what branches empty into the marginal artery?
all the branches of the superior and inferior mesenteric
what is the innervation of the large intestine?
cecum to the right 2/3 of the transverse colon is the superior mesenteric plexus and the left 1/3 of the transverse colon to the rectum is the inferior mesenteric plexus and the hypogastric
what is chronic constipation associated with?
an increased risk of hiatal herni, inguinal hernia, and diverticulitis, colon cancer
