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Gross Anatomy Exam 3 > Groin (Inguinal) Region > Flashcards

Groin (Inguinal) Region Flashcards

1
Q

what extends from the ASIS to the pubic tubercle?

A

the inguinal ligament

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2
Q

what are the most medial fibers of the inguinal ligament which are inserted on the superior pubic ramus?

A

the Lacunar Ligament

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3
Q

what is a lateral extension of the Lacunar Ligament along the pectineal line?

A

Pectineal Ligament

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4
Q

what is a 3-5 cm canal that runs thru the anterior abdominal wall

A

the inguinal canal

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5
Q

where does the inguinal canal begin?

A

the deep inguinal ring

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6
Q

where doe the inguinal canal end?

A

the superficial inguinal ring

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7
Q

T/F the inguinal canal is larger in females than in males?

A

False, the inguinal canal is much larger in men, transmitting the spermatic cord

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8
Q

the inguinal canal transmits what in men?

A

the spermatic cord and ilioinguinal nerve

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9
Q

the inguinal canal transmits what in women?

A

the round ligament and ilioinguinal nerve

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10
Q

what strengthens the posterior wall of the medial half of the inguinal canal, help preventing inguinal hernias?

A

the Conjoint Tendon

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11
Q

what forms the anterior boundary of the inguinal canal?

A

the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle

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12
Q

what forms the posterior boundary of the inguinal canal?

A

the conjoint tendon and the transversalis fascia

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13
Q

the roof of the inguinal canal is formed by whar?

A

internal oblique and the transversus abdominis

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14
Q

the floor of the inguinal canal is formed by what?

A

the inguinal and lacunar ligaments

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15
Q

what lies immediately lateral to the pubic tubercle?

A

the superficial inguinal ring

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16
Q

what is the triangle opening in the external oblique aponeurosis?

A

the superficial inguinal ring

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17
Q

the superficial ring is formed by the splitting of the external oblique aponeurosis into what 2 crura?

A

the Lateral Crus and the Medial Crus

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18
Q

the lateral crus inserts where?

A

the pubic tubercle

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19
Q

the medial crus inserts where?

A

the pubic arch

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20
Q

what is the job of the intercrural fibers?

A

they strengthen the apex of the superficial inguinal ring, preventing a hernia here

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21
Q

what is the opening within the transversalis fascia?

A

the deep inguinal ring

22
Q

what makes up the medial boundary of the inguinal triangle?

A

the lateral edge of the rectus abdominis muscle

23
Q

the inferior epigastric vessels form what?

A

the lateral boundary of the inguinal triangle

24
Q

what form the inferior boundary of the inguinal triangle?

A

inguinal ligament

25
Q

where do direct inguinal hernias occur?

A

they occur in the inguinal triangle

26
Q

how is the inguinal canal aligned before birth?

A

it is shorter and less oblique, pretty much straight

27
Q

is an adults inguinal canal straight A to P?

A

no, as you grow it becomes more oblique

28
Q

what are the two anatomical adaptations that strengthen the inguinal canal?

A

1) in adults it is oblique 2) conjoint tendon

29
Q

what is the half sphincter mechanism?

A

when they fix a hernia they can only sew it halfway, they can’t completely close the canal

30
Q

what is a hernia

A

it is an abnormal protusion of tissue thru an opening

31
Q

what viscera is protuding thru the hole?

A

it is the abominal viscera usually the small intestine

32
Q

T/F inguinal hernias are more common in men than women?

A

True

33
Q

what is an out pouching of the anterior abdominal wall?

A

the scrotum

34
Q

what is homologous to the scrotum in females?

A

labia majora, but this is mostly filled with fat

35
Q

what are two kinds of inguinal hernias?

A

direct and indirect inguinal hernias

36
Q

what hernia accounts for 75% of the hernias?

A

indirect inguinal hernia

37
Q

T/F direct inguinal hernia is congenital?

A

False, indirect may be congenital. This is called Patent Processes Vaginalis.

38
Q

which hernia passes lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels?

A

indirect inguinal hernia

39
Q

Which hernia passes medial to the inferior epigastric vessels?

A

Direct inguinal hernia

40
Q

what happens in a direct inguinal hernia?

A

it punches thru the posterior wall of the inguinal canal, by passing the inguinal canal

41
Q

does a direct inguinal hernia descend into the scrotum?

A

no, it generally causes a bulging in the anterior abdominal wall

42
Q

is direct hernia acquired or congenital?

A

acquired, due to the weakness in the conjoint tendon or transversalis fascia

43
Q

T/F occurs in mostly male?

A

True

44
Q

It accounts for 50% of hernias?

A

false, 25%

45
Q

subluxation of what levels will affect the muscles of the abdominal wall?

A

lower thoracic & upper lumbar

46
Q

T/F the rectus abdominals protects the anterior wall in preventing hernias?

A

false, it lies medial to the inguinal canal

47
Q

what kind of hernias are more common in females than in males?

A

femoral hernias

48
Q

where do femoral hernias occur?

A

inferior to the inguinal canal and it passes thru the femoral canal

49
Q

what type of hernia results from incomplete closure of the anterior abdominal after the ligation of the umbilicus?

A

umbilical hernia

50
Q

what hernia is present at birth?

A

umbilical hernia

51
Q

what hernia results in the defects in the linea alba?

A

umbilical hernia

52
Q

what type of hernia can occur because of pregnancy or surgical trauma?

A

umbilical hernia

Gross Anatomy Exam 3 (21 decks)

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