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ABS > LARGE INTESTINE > Flashcards

LARGE INTESTINE Flashcards

1
Q

Colon CA: stage I

A

T1-2, N0, MX

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2
Q

Colon CA: Stage IIA

A

T3, N0, Mx

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3
Q

Colon CA: Stage IIB

A

T4, N0, Mx

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4
Q

Colon CA: Stage IIIA

A

any T, N1, Mx

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5
Q

Colon CA: Stage IIIB

A

any T, N2, Mx

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6
Q

Colon CA: N1a

A

Mets in 1 LN

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7
Q

Colon CA: N1b

A

Mets in 2-3 regional LN

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8
Q

UC vs CD: Distribution of disease is continuous

A

UC

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9
Q

Pseudopolyps: more common in UC or CD?

A

UC

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10
Q

Deep longitudinal ulcers: UC or CD?

A

CD

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11
Q

Apthous ulcers: UC or CD?

A

CD

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12
Q

Increased friability of mucosa: UC or CD?

A

CD

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13
Q

Rectal involvement: UC or CD?

A

UC

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14
Q

Loss of normal vascular pattern: UC or CD?

A

UC

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15
Q

Superficial fissures: UC or CD?

A

UC

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16
Q

Main blood supply to transverse colon after extended right hemi?

A

Marginal a of drummond

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17
Q

Colon CA: N1c

A

tumor deposits in subserosa, mesentery, pericolic or perirectal

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18
Q

Colon CA: N2a

A

4-6 regional LN positive

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19
Q

Colon CA: N2b

A

7+ regional LN positive

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20
Q

Colon CA: T1

A

invadse submucosa (through muscularis mucosa)

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21
Q

Colon CA: T2

A

invades muscular is propria

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22
Q

Colon CA: T3

A

tumor invades muscularis oropria into pericolorectal tissues

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23
Q

Colon CA: T4a

A

tumor invades visceral peritoneum

24
Q

Colon CA: T4b

A

tumor invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures

25
Q

Colon CA: Stage IIIC

A

T3-4b, N1-2b

26
Q

Most sensitive test for GI bleed

A

Tagged RBC scan - can detect as slow as 0.1 mL/min and requires pt to be actively bleeding

27
Q

Peutz Jeuger syndrome mutation

A

STK11 gene

28
Q

High risk features of stage II colon CA to consider adjuvant chemo

A

<12 LN resected
Poorly differentiated (except MSI-H)
Lymphovascular or perineural invasion
Positive margins
Localized perforation
Bowel obstruction

29
Q

Haggitt Level 1 polyp

A

Submucosal invasion limited to the head of the pedunculated polyp

30
Q

Haggitt Level 2 polyp

A

Submucosal invasion of the neck of the pedunculated polyp

31
Q

Haggitt Level 3 polyp

A

Submucosal invasion anywhere in the stalk of the pedunculated polyp

32
Q

Haggitt level 4 polyp

A

Submucosal invasion beyond stalk but superficial to muscularis mucosa

33
Q

What haggitt level polyp is a sessile polyp?

A

Level 4

34
Q

MC anaerobe isolated in perf appendicitis

A

Bacteroides

35
Q

MC aerobe isolated in perf appendicitis

A

E coli

36
Q

Describe enterococcus bacteria - anaerobic or aerobic? gram + or -?

A

gram - anaerobe (facultative)

37
Q

RF for recurrence/poor prognostic indicators in anal SCC

A

Tumor size >5 cm
>2/3 anal circumference
ALso: male sex, nodal dz, Hgb<13

38
Q

CT angio can detect bleeding rates of

A

0.3 mL/min

39
Q

Selective mesenteric angiography

A

> 0.5 mL/min
Diagnostic and therapeutic

40
Q

Tagged RBC scan can detect bleeding rates of

A

0.1 mL/min

41
Q

Best predictor of local recurrence of rectal cancer

A

Initial T stage

42
Q

Amsterdam Criteria

A
  1. At least one colon or HNPCC-related cancer diagnosis prior to age 50
    2+ generations affected
    3+ relatives have colorectal or HNPCC related cancers. Of them one relative is a first degree relative of other two
    FAP has to be excluded
43
Q

Risk of colorectal CA by 75 yo in Lynch syndrome

A

As high as 75%

44
Q

Lifetime risk of uterine cancers in Lynch syndrome

A

40%

45
Q

Gene mutation in Peutz Jeghers

A

STK11

46
Q

MUTYH-associated polyposis

A

at least 10+ synchronous colonic adenomas primarily right sided, AR pattern of inheritance, no genetic mutation in APC gene. Increased risk of CA in duodenum, ovaries, bladder, thyroid, skin.

47
Q

Muir-Torre syndrome

A

Presence of sebaceous gland tumors (adenoma, CA, and keratoacanthoma) and a visceral CA, most commonly colorectal CA. It is autosomal dominant. The sebaceous gland tumors present as yellow papules usually on face or neck

48
Q

Turcot syndrome

A

Malignant CNS tumors, GI polyposis, colorectal cancer

49
Q

Gardner syndrome

A

subctagory of FAP, colonic polyposis, desmoid tumors ,osteomas of mandible or skull, and cutaneous lesions (epidermal cysts and lipomas)

50
Q

Juvenile polyposis

A

juvenile polyps with other congenital abnormalities like cerebral and pulmonary, cardiac and cranial malformations. Lifetime risk for CRC between 10-50%

51
Q

Cowden syndrome

A

macrocephaly, trichelemmomas, and/or tumors of thyroid, breast, uterus and skin. Colonic polyps vary and include hamartomas, lipomas, fibromas, neurofibromas, and adenomas.

52
Q

PRognostic factors in GISTS

A

High mitotic index (>5 per 50 HPF)
Other: tumor >5 cm, presence of necrosis, presnce of atypia, location in small bowel

53
Q

Transanal excision criteria for rectal tumors

A

<3 cm in size
<30% circumference of bowel
Within 8 cm of anal verge
T1 only
Mobile, nonficed tumors
Well to moderately differentiated
No lymphovascular or neural invasion
No evidence of lymphadenopathy on imaging
Margin clear >3 mm

54
Q

Which symptoms often resolve with medical or surgical tx of Crohns

A

Peripheral arthritis
Aphthous ulcers
Episcleritis
Erythema nodosum

55
Q

Which prognostic variable predicts metastasis in carcinoid tumors

A

Tumor size
<1 cm in diameter mets in <5%
If >2 cm most will have mets at time of dx

56
Q

Suture where in THD

A

proximal to dentate line to avoid v sensitive anoderm

ABS (23 decks)

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