Large Animal Head

Question 1

What is the parent and grandparent vein of the Transverse Facial vein?

Answer 1

Superficial temporal off the Maxillary

Question 2

Which vein drains the orbit?

Answer 2

Deep Facial

Question 3

Which veins can be used for venipuncture while the horse is under anesthesia?

Answer 3

Deep Facial

Transverse Facial

Question 4

What are the branches of the External Carotid artery?

Answer 4

Occipital
Linguofacial (Lingual and Facial)
Caudal Auricular
Superficial Temporal (Transverse Facial)
Maxillary

Question 5

What are the main branches of the Maxillary artery?

Answer 5

Inferior Alveolar

Goes through infraorbital canal and becomes the Infraorbital

Question 6

What are the vessels that run under the Masseter muscle (under the madible)?

Answer 6

Facial artery and vein

Parotid Duct

Question 7

What is the parent branch of the Cornual nerve?

Answer 7

Maxillary br of Trigeminal

Question 8

What is the parent branch of the Supraorbital nerve?

What does is innervate?

Answer 8

Ophthalamic br of Trigeminal

Sensation to upper lid and medial canthus

Question 9

What is damaged in laryngeal paralysis?

Answer 9

Damage to recurrent laryngeal nerve, which terminates as the caudal laryngeal nerve, which innervates the Cricoarytenoideus muscle
- The only muscle to open the glottis

Question 10

What are the surgical boundaries of the equine frontal sinus?

Answer 10

Caudal: zygomatic process of frontal bone
Rostral: half-way between orbit and infraorbital foramen
Medial: 2 cm from midline
Lateral: supraorbital foramen to rostral most part of medial limit

Question 11

What are the surgical boundaries of the equine maxillary sinus?

Answer 11

Caudal: rostral portion of orbit
Rostral: rostral end of facial crest
Dorsal: line from infraorbital foramen parallel to facial crest
Ventral: facial crest

Question 12

What are the surgical boundaries of the bovine frontal sinus?

Answer 12

Caudal: base of skull
Rostral: rostral border of orbit

Question 13

What are the surgical boundaries of the bovine maxillary sinus?

Answer 13

Caudal: rostral border of orbit
Rostral: facial tuberosity
Dorsal: line from medial angle of eye to infraorbital foramen
Ventral: line from zygomatic arch to facial tuberosity

Question 14

What is the lacrimal bulla?

Answer 14

extension of bovine maxillary sinus into the ventral orbit

Question 15

What structures are in close proximity to the guttural pouches?

Answer 15

Medial: CN IX, X, XI, XII, internal carotid artery
Lateral: external carotid artery, facial nerve