Large Animal Breeding Soundness

Question 1

inflammatory lesions on the scrotum ______ intra-scrotal temperature

Answer 1

increase

Question 2

soft, flabby testicles indicate _______

Answer 2

testicular degeneration

Question 3

hard, noncompliant testicles indicate ______

Answer 3

neoplasia, terminal degeneration

Question 4

scrotal circumference has positive correlation with ______

Answer 4

sperm production, age of puberty, growth

Question 5

testicles >50cm cause impaired _______

Answer 5

thermoregulation

Question 6

during electroejaculation, the tip of the bull penis should pass the ______

Answer 6

xiphoid

Question 7

when bucks/rams ejaculate into their prepuce the sample becomes contaminated with ______

Answer 7

neutrophils

Question 8

causes of yellow semen

Answer 8

urination, beta kerotine

Question 9

individual progressive motility minimum is ____% in controlled, clinic environment

Answer 9

70 (30% in field)

Question 10

performed on a hanging drop, subjective rating of poor to very good

Answer 10

mass motility

Question 11

test where sperm are prepared with eosin-nigrosin stain, viewed under light microscopy

Answer 11

sperm morphology

Question 12

minimum of ___% normal sperm required for satisfactory sperm morphology in the bull

Answer 12

70

Question 13

young bulls often demonstrate high percentage of sperm with ______, should resolve by 15-18 months

Answer 13

retained PCDs (proximal cytoplasmic droplets)

Question 14

cows with rusty load should be bred and retested in ______

Answer 14

10-14 days

Question 15

reportable, venereally transmitted protozoan that occurs primarily in older bulls, may be cleared from younger bulls

Answer 15

tritrich foetus

Question 16

effects of tritrich foetus infection

Answer 16

early embryonic death

Question 17

dz of similar epidemiology to trichomoniasis, vax against organism has decreased incidence and need for testing

Answer 17

campylobacter fetus fetus

Question 18

cause of epididymitis, orchitis and decreased fertility in the ram; transmitted venerally

Answer 18

brucella ovis

Question 19

testing for brucella ovis in the ram is indicated when ______ is confirmed in the mature ram

Answer 19

leukospermia

Question 20

breeding soundness implies a buck is capable of impregnating at least _____ does in a ____ day breeding season

Answer 20

30- 32

Question 21

breeding soundness implies a ram is capable of impregnating at least _____ ewes in a ____ day breeding season

Answer 21

50- 34

Question 22

erection in the stallion should take

Answer 22

20 (normally

Question 23

optimal semen collection method in the stallion

Answer 23

AV (never electroejaculation)

Question 24

once semen is collected, it should not be exposed to ________

Answer 24

oxygen, UV light, temperature changes

Question 25

normal pH for semen in the horse

Answer 25

7.2-7.9

Question 26

sperm motility in horses is normally ______%

Answer 26

30-80

Question 27

normal sperm morphology in horses is _____% normal sperm

Answer 27

30-70

Question 28

in the horse, normal scrotal width is >____cm

Answer 28

9

Question 29

most often affected accessory sex gland in the horse

Answer 29

ampullae

Question 30

the second semen ejaculate in the horse should be collected _____ after the first

Answer 30

one hour

Question 31

a stallion should be able to service ____ mares naturally or ____ mares by AI in a season

Answer 31

40- 120

Question 32

a stallion must produce at least ______ progressively motile, morphologically normal sperm in each of two ejaculates

Answer 32

1 billion