Breeding Soundness 1.1 Flashcards
all animals except dogs and horses have intra-scrotal testes _______
at birth
dogs have intra-scrotal testes by _____ after birth
14 days (6 months at the latest)
horses have intra-scrotal testes by _____ after birth
10 days (9 months at the latest)
decreased body condition causes decreased ____, lengthening time to puberty
LH
canine average age of puberty in months
9 (5-12)
feline average age of puberty in months
9 (8-10)
equine average age of puberty in months
14 (10-24)
bovine average age of puberty in months
11 (7-18)
sheep average age of puberty in months
7 (6-9)
goat average age of puberty in months
5 (3-8)
pig average age of puberty in months
7 (5-8)
llama and alpaca average age of puberty
2-3 years
the ____ center in the brain is inactive males following puberty
surge
FSH produced by the anterior pituitary acts on ______ cells
sertoli
LH produced by the anterior pituitary acts on ______ cells
leydig
hormone produced by sertoli cells under influence of FSH
E
hormone produced by leydig cells under influence of LH
T (some T converted to E)
hormone produced by sertoli cells under influence of T
DHT
hormone produced by sertoli cells that directly provides negative feedback to the anterior pituitary
inhibin
dog considered seasonal breeder? changes during non-breeding season?
no- none
cat considered seasonal breeder? changes during non-breeding season?
yes (long-day)- decreased sperm count
horse considered seasonal breeder? changes during non-breeding season?
somewhat (long-day)- decreased sperm count
cow considered seasonal breeder? changes during non-breeding season?
no- none
sheep considered seasonal breeder? changes during non-breeding season?
yes (short-day)- decreased libidio, scrotal circumference and semen quality
goat considered seasonal breeder? changes during non-breeding season?
somewhat (short-day)- decreased libido, buck odor, scrotal circumference, semen quality
pig considered seasonal breeder? changes during non-breeding season?
unknown- unknown
llama considered seasonal breeder? changes during non-breeding season?
no- none
dog- time required for full spermatogenic cycle in days
62
cat- time required for full spermatogenic cycle in days
47
horse- time required for full spermatogenic cycle in days
55
cow- time required for full spermatogenic cycle in days
61
sheep- time required for full spermatogenic cycle in days
47-56
goat- time required for full spermatogenic cycle in days
59-64
pig- time required for full spermatogenic cycle in days
39
with changes in ambient temp, testes must be maintained at ~____‘C
35
muscle that primarily contributes to maintenance of testes temp
tunica dartos
animals with long axis of testis oriented horizontal
dog, stallion, boar
animals with long axis of testis oriented vertically
bull, ram, buck
development and maintenance of function of accessory sex glands is ______ dependent
testosterone
animals with all four accessory sex glands present (bulbourethral glands, prostate, vesicular glands, ampullae)
horse, cow, sheep, goat
accessory sex gland found in the dog
prostate
accessory sex glands found in the cat
bulbourethral glands, prostate
accessory sex glands found in the pig
bulbourethral glands, prostate, vesicular glands
accessory sex glands found in the llama and alpaca
bulbourethral glands, prostate
most common accessory sex gland to be pathologically affected in cows
vesicular glands
most common accessory sex gland to be pathologically affected in horses
ampullae
animals with fibroelastic penis
bull, ram, buck, boar, macho
layer of the penis that prevents increase in size in the fibroelastic penis
tunica albuginea
animals with musculocavernous penis
stallion, dog