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Therio > Breeding Soundness 1.2 > Flashcards

Breeding Soundness 1.2 Flashcards

1
Q

expected pregnancy rate in dogs by natural service

A

> 75% (typically >90%)

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2
Q

expected pregnancy rate in dogs by AI

A

50-90%

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3
Q

testing for antibodies against ______ is a portion of the canine male breeding soundness exam

A

brucella canis

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4
Q

asymmetrical epididymides can indicate _______ in the dog

A

epididymitis, segmental aplasia

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5
Q

testes size in the dog should be roughly correlated with ________

A

normal body weight for breed

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6
Q

testes that are too soft indicate _______

A

hypoplasia, degeneration

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7
Q

testes that are too firm indicate _______

A

neoplasia, fibrosis

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8
Q

proper location of the testes in the male dog

A

both in scortum, freely movable (one can be slightly cranial to other)

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9
Q

in the dog, the prepuce must be retracted to the ______ prior to full engorgement or the penis will become stuck within the prepuce

A

bulbus glandis

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10
Q

stimulated through the prepuce to initiate engorgement of the penis in the male dog

A

bulbus glandis

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11
Q

1st fraction of canine ejaculate

A

pre-sperm, clear

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12
Q

2nd fraction of canine ejaculate

A

sperm-rich, opaque

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13
Q

3rd fraction of canine ejaculate

A

prostatic, clear

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14
Q

superficial infection of the penis

A

balanitis

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15
Q

infection of the penis and prepuce

A

balanoposthitis

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16
Q

in dogs, fraction 2 of the ejaculate should be about _____ mls

A

0.5-2

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17
Q

in dogs, fraction 3 of the ejaculate can be up to _____ mls in large dogs

A

30

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18
Q

in progessive motility tests, canine sperm should swim in a _______

A

straight line

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19
Q

normal progressive motility in the dog shows >____% PM sperm

A

80

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20
Q

a normal semen morphology test shows >____% morphologically normal sperm

A

70-80

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21
Q

stain used to prepare semen morphology exam

A

eosin-nigrosin (eosin stains sperm head pink if dead when stained)

22
Q

during semen morphology exam, count at least _____ sperm

A

100

23
Q

during semen morphology exam there should be

A

20-Oct

24
Q

morphologic abnormality where abnormal sperm are unable to reach the uterine tube or cannot penetrate the oocyte; increased sperm may make up for defects

A

compensatory

25
Q

morphologic abnormality where sperm are capable of reaching and penetrating oocyte, but embryonic development fails; increased sperm cannot make up for defects

A

non-compensatory

26
Q

morphologic abnormality where there are primarily functional defects of the acrosome, head and midpiece

A

major

27
Q

morphologic abnormality where there are defects of the head, midpiece and tail believed not to be so deleterious to fertility

A

minor

28
Q

morphologic abnormality that originated in the seminiferous tubules; a defect in production/manufacturing

A

primary

29
Q

morphologic abnormality that originated in the epididymis; a defect in maturation or storage

A

secondary

30
Q

morphologic abnormality that originated post-ejaculatory or iatrongenically; difficult to differentiate from secondary

A

tertiary

31
Q

three portions of the normal canine sperm head

A

acrosome, equitorial region, post-acrosomal region

32
Q

three portions of the normal canine sperm

A

head, midpiece, tail (with flagella)

33
Q

the midpiece of a canine sperm should have _____ attachment

A

axial

34
Q

knobbed acrosome, macrocephaly, pyriform head and diadem defect are examples of ______ morphologic defects

A

primary

35
Q

double sperm, detached abnormal heads, dag defect and tightly coiled tail are examples of _____ morphologic defects

A

primary

36
Q

effect of retained proximal cytoplasmic droplet on canine sperm

A

none (bad in other species)

37
Q

retained cytoplasmic droplet is a ______ morphologic defect

A

primary

38
Q

terminally coiled tail, distal midpiece reflex w/ droplet, bent tail and detached normal head are examples of ______ morphologic defects

A

secondary

39
Q

erythrocyte contamination of the semen from urethral or cavernosal rent, iatrogenic from bumping penis during collection or benign prostatic hypertrophy

A

hemospermia

40
Q

leukocyte conamination of the semen from balanoposthitis, orchitis, epididymitis or prostatitis

A

leukospermia (pyospermia)

41
Q

number of millions of sperm per mL of sample, determined by counting sperm in counting chamber

A

concentration

42
Q

total sperm count equation

A

concentration x volume

43
Q

minimum total sperm count across all breeds

A

300 million (small standard for medium and large sized dogs)

44
Q

no sperm

A

azoospermia

45
Q
A

oligospermia

46
Q

measuring _____ in a semen sample showing azoospermia can determine if the dog actually ejaculated

A

ALP

47
Q

ALP _____ U/L is consistent with at least partial emptying of the epididymis and the sample should contain at least some sperm if they were present to be ejaculated

A

> 5000

48
Q

ALP _____ U/L suggests bilateral blockage of sperm outflow from the epididymis

A
49
Q

if a male dog suffering from compromised fertility does not show improvement after ______, it won’t happen

A

6 months

50
Q

screening test for Brucella canis in dogs

A

serology (rapid card agglutination test)

51
Q

added to serology test for Brucella canis to eliminate cross-reactivity; if positive, still need a confirming test

A

2-ME

52
Q

tests used to confirm Brucella canis serology test results

A

AGID (agar gel immunodiffusion), blood culture (5 tests required, 1/5 positive = positive)

Therio (13 decks)

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