Language of Anatomy Flashcards
Cephalic
Head/cephalus
Cranial
Skull/cranium
Frontal/coronal
Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections
Orbital/ocular
Eyes
Nasal
Nose
Buccal
Cheek
Oral
Mouth
Mental
Chin
Cervical
Neck (anterior)
Thoracic
Chest/thorax (between the abdomen and root of the neck)
Pectoral
Chest
Mammary
Breast
Sternal
Midline of the thoracic/sternum
Costal
Ribs
Abdominal
Abdomen (diaphragm to pelvic region)/anterior trunk below the ribs
Umbilical
Navel/belly button
Pelvic
Pelvis
Inguinal
Bend of hip/groin
Pubic
Pubic region/external genitalia
Nuchal
Back of neck (posterior)
Scapular
Shoulder blade/scapula
Vertebral
Spinal column/back bone
Lumbar
Lower back
Sacral
Posterior of pelvic cage
Gluteal
Buttocks
Acromial
Shoulder
Axillary
Armpit
Brachial
Upper arm (between shoulder and elbow)
Antecubital
Anterior side of elbow
Antebrachial
Forearm (elbow to wrist)
Carpal
Wrist
Dorsum of hand
Back of hand
Palmer
Palm of hand
Pollex
Thumb
Digital
Fingers and toes
Femoral
Femur/thigh
Patellar
Kneecap/anterior of knee
Popliteal
Posterior of knee/back of knee
Crural
Lower leg/shin (anterior)
Sural
Lower leg/calf (posterior)
Fibular/peroneal
Lateral portion/side of lower leg
Tarsal
Ankle
Calcaneal
Heel of foot
Dorsum of foot
Back of foot
Pedal
Foot
Plantar
Sole/arch of foot (bottom of foot)
Hallux
Big toe
Superior
Above or towards the head (the heart is superior to the pelvis)
Inferior
Below or towards the feet (the chest is inferior to the head)
Anterior/ventral
Towards the front or belly side (the nose is on the anterior side of the head)
Posterior/dorsal
Towards the back (the spinal cord goes down the posterior side of the body)
Medial
Towards the midline (the sternum is medial to the ribs)
Lateral
Away from the midline (the ears are lateral to the nose)
Proximal
Near the point of origin or attached end (the shoulder is proximal to the elbow)
Distal
Further from the point of attachment or the trunk (the wrist is distal to the shoulder)
Superficial/external
Towards or at the body surface (the skin is superficial to the visceral organs)
Deep/internal
Away from the body surface (the heart lies deep to the sternum)
Ipsilateral
Situated/appearing/affecting the same side of the body (the left arm is ipsilateral to the left leg)
Contralateral
Situated/appearing/affecting the opposite side of the body (the left arm is contralateral to the right arm)
Intermediate
In between
Sagittal plane
Line through the umbilicus. Divides the body into right and left halves
Mid-sagittal
Divides the body into equal left and right halves
Para-sagittal
Divides the body into unequal left and right halves
Frontal/coronal plane
Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections
Transverse plane
Divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) sections
Dorsal body cavity
Located on the posterior of the body. Contains the cranial and vertebral cavities
Cranial cavity
Encloses the brain
Vertebral canal
Encloses the spinal cord
Ventral body cavity
Located on the anterior side of the body. Contains the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
Thoracic cavity
Contains the pleural (space between lining around lung and interior thoracic wall) and pericardial (space between heart and pericardial sac) cavities
Abdominopelvic cavity
Encloses the abdominal and pelvic cavities
Abdominal cavity
Contains digestive organs, spleen, and kidneys
Pelvic cavity
Contains the bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs