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Anatomy and Physiology > Language of Anatomy > Flashcards

Language of Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical terms

A
  1. Root
  2. Prefixes
  3. Suffixes
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2
Q

They describe the roots.

A

prefixes and suffixes

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3
Q

It often refers to an organ, tissue, or condition.

A

root

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4
Q

These describe the different parts of the body by the structures and functions of a specific region.

A

regional terms

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5
Q

The Regional terms

A
  1. The Axial Region

2. The Appendicular Region

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6
Q

It makes up the main axis of the human body and includes the head, neck, chest, and trunk.

A

The Axial Region

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7
Q

It makes up the parts of the human body that connect to the axial region. This includes the limbs and appendages.

A

The Appendicular Region

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8
Q

Is formed by the connection of the dorsal and ventral points of a region. The region between the belly (ventral) and back (dorsal) is often described by this.

A

Dorsoventral axis (DV axis)

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9
Q

Refers to the axis connecting the left and right hand sides of a region. It is used to describe the lateral sides of a region, which in humans are often symmetrical around the center of the body.

A

left-to-right axis

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10
Q

True or False. The left-to-right axis is perpendicular to both the DV and AP axes.

A

True

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11
Q

It is the axis formed by the connection of the anterior (top) and posterior (bottom)ends of a region.

A

Anterioposterior axis (AP axis)

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12
Q

True or False. The AP axis of a region is by definition around 90 degrees to the DV axis and vice-versa.

A

False. PERPENDICULAR

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13
Q

Body Planes and Sections

A
  1. Coronal plane
  2. Transverse plane
  3. Sagittal plane
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14
Q

This pertains to any vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior (belly and back) sections.

A

Coronal plane

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15
Q

It is any plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts, roughly perpendicular to the spine.

A

Transverse plane

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16
Q

Refers to any imaginary plane parallel to the medianplane.

A

Sagittal plane

17
Q

Body cavities

A
  1. Dorsal body cavity
    a. Cranial cavity
    b. Vertebral cavity
  2. Ventral body cavity
    a. Thoracic cavity
    i. Superiormediastinum
    ii. Pleural cavity
    iii. Pericardial cavity within the mediastinum
    iv. Diaphragm
    b. Abdominopelvic cavity
    i. Abdominal cavity
    ii. Pelvic cavity
18
Q

Abdominopelvic Regions

A
  1. Right hypochondriac region
  2. Right lumbar region
  3. Right iliac region
  4. Epigastric region
  5. Umbilical region
  6. Hypogastric region
  7. Left hypochondriac region
  8. Left lumbar region
  9. Left iliac region
19
Q

Abdominopelvic Quadrants

A
  1. Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
  2. Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
  3. Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
  4. Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
20
Q

Directional terms

A
  1. Superior or cranial
  2. Inferior or caudal
  3. Anterior or ventral
  4. Posterior or dorsal
  5. Medial
  6. Lateral
  7. Proximal
  8. Distal
  9. Deep
  10. Superficial
21
Q

A directional term meaning toward the head end of the body; upper.

A

Superior or cranial

example, the hand is part of the superior extremity

22
Q

A directional term meaning away from the head; lower.

A

Inferior or caudal

example, the foot is part of the inferior extremity

23
Q

A directional term meaning front.

A

Anterior or ventral

example, the kneecap is located on the anterior side of the leg

24
Q

A directional term meaning back.

A

Posterior or dorsal

example, the shoulder blades are located on the posterior side of the body

25
Q

A directional term meaning toward the midline of the body.

A

Medial

example, the middle toe is located at the medial side of the foot

26
Q

A directional term meaning away from the midline of the body.

A

Lateral

example, the little toe is located at the lateral side of the foot

27
Q

A directional term meaning toward or nearest the trunk or the point of origin of a part.

A

Proximal

example, the proximal end of the femur joins with the pelvic bone

28
Q

A directional term meaning away from or farthest from the trunk or the point or origin of a part.

A

Distal

example, the hand is located at the distal end of the forearm

29
Q

________ refers to structures closer to the interior center of the body.

A

Deep

For example, bones in an appendage are located deeper than the muscles

30
Q

________ is used to describe structures that are

closer to the exterior surface of the body.

A

Superficial

For example, the outer layers of skin are superficial to
deeper layers of skin

Anatomy and Physiology (8 decks)

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