Language Disturbances Flashcards
What is the onset of Broac’s Aphasia?
- Acute–stroke
- Subacute–brain abscess
- Gradual–brain tumor
- Very gradual–degenerative brain dz
Is comprehension intact in Broca’s Aphasia?
Mostly intact
Expressive aphasia
What are the PE findings of Broac’s Aphasia?
- Can follow simple commands
- Little or no spon speech (non-fluent)
- Can read & comprehend written instructions
Where is the lesion in 90% of Broca’s Aphasia cases?
Left hemisphere
What other sx maybe assoc w/ Broca’s Aphasia?
- Hemiparesis or monoparesis of arm
- Lower facial weakness MC than arm
What is the dx imaging for Broca’s aphasia?
Brain imaging MRI>CT
Where is Broca’s speech area?
Inferior left frontal lobe close to the motor cortex for the mouth (next closest is arm & hand)
dominant hemisphere
Broadman area 44,45
What is the arterial supply for Broac’s area?
Anterior branch of Middle cerebral artery
What is the tx of Broca’s Aphasia?
Speech therapy
Is comprehension impaired in Wernicke’s aphasia?
Yes, pt can’t follow commands
Receptive aphasia
What are the PE findings of Wernicke’s aphasia?
- Abundant speech (fluent) but not make sense (gibberish)
- Does not repeat
- Cannot read
- No motor weakness
- Sensory exam difficult to perform
What are the dx testing for Wernicke’s aphasia?
Brain imaging MRI>CT
Where is Wernicke’s area?
Superior posterior temporal gyrus
Broadman’s area 22
What artery supplies the Wernicke’s area?
Posterior branch of Middle cerebral artery
(doesn’t supply much of motor cortex)
What is the management for Wernicke’s aphasia?
Speech therapy is often difficult & unproductive
What are the PE findings of Conduction Aphasia?
- Comprehension impaired
- Spon speech (fluency) impaired
- Cannot repeat
- Can follow written commands but can’t read aloud
What is the speech like in Conduction aphasia?
More fluent than Broca’s & less paraphasia (gibberish) than Wernicke’s
What is the cause of Conduction aphasia?
Functional disconnection b/w Broca’s & Wernicke’s areas
Is comprehension impaired in Global aphasia?
Severely impaired
What are the PE findings of Global aphasia?
- Spon speech severely impaired (non-fluent)
- Cannot repeat
- Cannot read aloud or follow written instructions
- Right hemiparesis & hemianopsia
What is the cause of Global Aphasia?
Destructive lesions involves the entire distribution of the Middle cerebral artery
What is damaged in Global aphasia?
Both Broca’s & Wernicke’s areas
What is Aphasia?
Can’t use language
What is Apraxia?
Loss of the ability to execute or carry out learned purposeful movements despite having the desire & the physical ability
What is Agnosia?
Loss of ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds, shapes, or smells
What is Fluency?
How sounds flow & rate of speech
What is Comprehension?
Understanding of both written & spoken language
What is Broca’s aphasia?
Non-fluent, expressive, motor aphasia
Comprehension intact
No repetition
Commonly right weakness (face> arm> leg)
What is Wernicke’s aphasia?
- Fluent, receptive aphasia
- Comprehension absent
- No repetition
- No weakness
What is Conduction aphasia?
- Mostly Fluent
- Comprehension mostly intact
- Cannot repeat
- Lesion of Arcuate Fasiculus
What are the sx of a Left hemisphere stroke?
Pt w/ RIGHT sided weakness & APHASIA
