Language Disorders in Children (Chapter 4)

Question 1

What is a specific language impairment?

Answer 1

This is a language disorder in a child who is otherwise typically developing

Question 2

What is the etiology of a SLI?

Answer 2

Children with SLO have no known etiology or associated condition

Question 3

How do consonant inventories differ between typically developing children and children with a SLI?

Answer 3

Children with SLI may have fewer consonants in their phonetic repertoire.

Question 4

What is the cause of disfluencies and increased use of fillers, such as “um” and “you know,” in children with a SLI?

Answer 4

These are often caused by word finding or word retrieval difficulties

Question 5

What is the MLU of a child with a SLI, relative to TD peers?

Answer 5

This will be shorter that TD peers

Question 6

What is the speech of a child with a SLI like?

Answer 6

This will be telegraphic

Question 7

What are narratives of children with SLI like?

Answer 7

They are less complete, contain fewer utterances, and show more communication breakdowns than TD peers.

Question 8

What is speed of processing like in children with a SLI?

Answer 8

Children with a SLI process information more slowly than TD children

Question 9

What is attention to task like for children with SLI?

Answer 9

Research consistently shows that it children with SLI have difficulty focusing for appropriate periods of time on necessary tasks

Question 10

What is the emotional control of children with SLI like?

Answer 10

This is poor and results in difficulty regulating emotions, which is related to behavior problems, and may negatively affect such things as vocabulary learning,

Question 11

What is task shifting like in children with a SLI?

Answer 11

Children with SLI have more difficulty shifting between tasks and become more easily taxed.

Question 12

What is planning and organization like for children with SLI?

Answer 12

Children with SLI often manifest diroganization and lack of ability to plan effectively.

Question 13

Why is speech of children with ID often telegraphic?

Answer 13

Their speech often presents this way due to difficulty with the abstract nature of bound morphemes. Consequently, they tend to leave out function words:

“The man is going to the store” –> “Man go store”

Question 14

What training is currently popular for treatment of children with Asperger’s?

Answer 14

Social skills training is currently popular for this population

Question 15

What is cerebral palsy?

Answer 15

This is a disorder of early childood in which the immature nervous system is affected by injury.

Question 16

What is the most common type of CP?

Answer 16

Spastic CP

Question 17

What is the factor most highly related to socioeconomic status?

Answer 17

A mother’s educational level

Question 18

What type of language delay is most prevalent in children who undergo abuse?

Answer 18

Expressive language delays are most prevelant for this population

Question 19

What are features of utterances of children that have experienced abuse?

Answer 19

This population is likely to use terse, practical language to get the job done with little elaboration and little social affect.

Question 20

What is FAE?

Answer 20

The abbreviation for fetal alcohol effects, which are mild physical/cognitive signs that have been linked to the mother’s drinking during pregnancy, but do not meet the diagnostic requriements for FASD.

Question 21

What intervention is crucial for the language development of children prenataly exposed to drugs/alcohol?

Answer 21

Early intervention is critical for this population

Question 22

What is a negative academic consequence experienced by most children with ADHD by the time they reach adolescence?

Answer 22

Over half of this population is likely to fail at least one grade by this age

Question 23

What is the greatest language difficulty of children with ADHD?

Answer 23

Students with this diagnosis tend to manifest the greatest amount of difficulty in social interaction skills

Question 24

What are possible goals of treatment for children with ADHD?

Answer 24

This population need intervention in auditory processing skills, pragmatics, and expressive language organization

Question 25

What is TTR?

Answer 25

This is the acronym for type token ratio

(the number of different words)

TTR = ———————————————————

(number of words in a sample)

Question 26

What are late talkers?

Answer 26

This children are characterized by a significant language delay at 24-30 months of age

Question 27

What is RTI?

Answer 27

This is the acronym for Response to Intervention. In this model, at-risk students who are struggling in classrooms are given increasing amounts of targeted individual and small-group support within the classroom setting before a special education referal is made. It is a form of dynamic assessment in which personnel evaluate a student’s ability to learn when provided with instruction.

Question 28

What is indirect intervention?

Answer 28

This is an intervention model in which the clinician sets the goals and a peer, parent, teacher’s aide, interpreter, or other person carries out the treatment.