Language And Gender Theorists Flashcards
Who proposed the Deficit model?
Lakeoff (1975)
What did Lakeoff propose?
Women’s language is weaker due to indirect requests, tag questions, hedges etc
Who proposed the Dominance model?
Pamela Fishman (1983)
What did Pamela Fishman propose?
Women use tag questions to gain conversational power
What did Kupier (1991) propose?
Difference Model- men use insults as a form of solidarity and hyper masculinity to save their positive face
What did Jane Pilkington propose?
Difference Model- Womem tend to use ,pre positive politeness and focus on feelings by using anecdotal language to support each other and tag questions to facilitate others.
What did Jennifer Coates (1989) propose
Difference Model - girls and boys have different styles of talking due to their friend groups
What did Deborah Tannen propose?
The difference model.
Status vs support
Independence vs intimacy
Advise vs understanding
Information vs feelings
Orders vs proposals
Conflict vs compromises
What did Zimmerman and West (1975)propose?
Dominance Model- in mixed sex conversations men are more likely to interrupt than women as a way of men denting equal status to women as conversational partners.
What did Janet Holmes (1992) propose?
Difference Model - women are more polite than men as they use compliments to build an affiliation while men use compliments to make evaluative judgement.
Tag questions have functions not just to show uncertainty.
Who proposed the Post Modern Approach?
Judith Butler 1990
What did Judith Butler (1990) proposed?
Gender is not something one is but rather something one does
Who suggested queer linguistics?
Koch (2008)
What did Koch (2008) propose?
- linguistic deviant
- gay lexicon is not a good explanation as some is misogynistic
- there is no homosexual language as there is no singular gay experience
- queer theory is not generalisable
Who proposed gender and pragmatics?
King and Holmes (2017)
