Language and Cognition Flashcards
What is the McGurk effect?
Visual sensory information is interpreted and is dominant over auditory processed information
i.e. when you change image, you hear a different sound even though the sound is the same “bah bah bah, vah vah vah”
What is synaesthesia?
The conflation of sensory experiences from one sensory domain with those from another, or the mixing of two modalities of the same sensory domain
e.g. 5 is blue
Where is Wernicke’s area?
Posterior 1/3 of superior LEFT temporal lobe
Where is the auditory cortex?
Medial temporal lobe
Where is Broca’s area?
LEFT lateral frontal lobe
How does visual information reach Wernicke’s area?
Angular gyrus
What is the function of Wernicke’s area?
Comprehension of spoken and written words
What is the function of Broca’s area?
Sentence construction
Syntax
What is conduction aphasia associated with?
Inability to repeat words
Where is information from Broca’s area passed?
Motor cortex to control the lips and tongue etc
What are the features of Wernicke’s aphasia?
Reduced comprehension of speech
Wrong and invented words
Patients unaware they are not making sense
What are the features of Broca’s aphasa?
Patients have difficulty speaking, stutter to find the right word
Repetition
Word structure jumbled
Patients aware they are making little sense
What links Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas?
Arcuate faciculus
What is thought to cause aprosodias involving speech (e.g. monotone)?
Right side of brain gives emotion content of language
Dysfunction in areas of right side of brain approximating to Broca’s and Wernicke’s
How is hemispheric dominance determined?
One side of brain anaesthetised via ICA and subject speech tested
If dominant side remains awake, speech is unaffected (Wada tests)
